| 00:02 | top. Oh, but uh let just go back for a moment. |
|
| 00:16 | were talking about solace, but in more general sense, the variability of |
|
| 00:23 | shales and how that variability uh results of their ability and their frack |
|
| 00:33 | Uh and so this was a slide had shown yesterday showing just some of |
|
| 00:38 | variability and uh composition different residents. uh let's see in this one as |
|
| 00:47 | . Um I don't think I have uh separated here, but just look |
|
| 00:56 | this reservoir here, whatever it Look at the variability in percent |
|
| 01:03 | Uh huh Or so we don't Certainly, I don't have many geologists |
|
| 01:10 | understand why there's so much vertical variability frank composition, but the reality is |
|
| 01:18 | see and accept and can explain a of vertical, very building composition of |
|
| 01:26 | box uh Porsche Greenlaw because we understand environmental deposition. We understand the processes |
|
| 01:35 | they form. We're just not there . Shit. But there'll be a |
|
| 01:41 | when we will be able to say better that certain processes reflect certain changes |
|
| 01:50 | deposition. Farmers that in turn affect . Dutch, potential fact that |
|
| 01:57 | So I just wanted to remind you that. Um and uh go back |
|
| 02:09 | the next topic, which is fluid and seven transport. Mm Okay, |
|
| 02:28 | , I'm going to mainly focus on issue interaction. So I'm not gonna |
|
| 02:33 | about it Julian. I'm not going talk about bi modal title and to |
|
| 02:39 | large extent, I'm not going to about gravity flows. I'm going to |
|
| 02:43 | about like debris flows or we're going focus on flow that is transported |
|
| 02:52 | Okay. Now, when we classify flow, you know, the bulk |
|
| 02:59 | what I'm going to talk about flu systems. It really applies to a |
|
| 03:05 | of transport mechanism. Uh We can about how the flow changes the |
|
| 03:12 | how it changes with time, how changes with this relative stability. |
|
| 03:21 | it's relative roughness, Well, Lost. Yeah. So these are |
|
| 03:28 | different aspects uh Let's say channel Okay. Um so one of the |
|
| 03:36 | we'd like to be able to know how strong is it clearer when we |
|
| 03:42 | about conception of motion, when we about the transition ripple to dunes, |
|
| 03:47 | when we think about reconstructing uh paleo , we want to know the velocity |
|
| 03:54 | something. Some measure of flow. velocity is the most common. |
|
| 03:59 | But the problem is, and I this and I talked about measuring suspended |
|
| 04:04 | , getting a suspended set of rating , velocity changes with them at its |
|
| 04:10 | in the upper part of the river down. So you're taking average |
|
| 04:17 | You take it through doubt. Do take it one m? You take |
|
| 04:23 | at 2/3 the depth of the All of these are possibilities. And |
|
| 04:28 | do all of the above. The thing, you might think of |
|
| 04:32 | you know, lost the It's really what moves said, it's your stress |
|
| 04:39 | take the bottom shear stress but shear which is a function of the gradient |
|
| 04:45 | the viscosity, very parameter will come . So what that means ideally we'd |
|
| 04:55 | to know what shear stresses the bed so we can get their faces slow |
|
| 05:05 | . Yeah. Yeah. It varies little bit unusual shape. We also |
|
| 05:15 | your boss. It turns out that's sure stress expressed in units. And |
|
| 05:24 | of the reasons we do that is here stress units or something. I |
|
| 05:29 | remember. Yeah cheer velocities. You said 46%. So it's intuitively easier |
|
| 05:41 | still based on shared stress. And show you how to get that increasingly |
|
| 05:49 | seeing Plots for seven exception deconstructing bed using shares and finally strange power that |
|
| 06:03 | the lost two times a shear stress out it's a good measure of quantifying |
|
| 06:10 | amount said is being transported. Now I talked about how downstream uh |
|
| 06:22 | could change if it doesn't change. . When I say it's a lot |
|
| 06:29 | the changes lost respect this zero uniforms Mhm. Yes it is. This |
|
| 06:38 | be not this time. And one the ways that visualized is looking at |
|
| 06:45 | change in water depth. Now what assuming is a constant whip. We're |
|
| 06:53 | a chance and what we're gonna do we're going to look at these flow |
|
| 06:59 | as if there were an infinite no , small cube of water and they're |
|
| 07:06 | in a relatively straight well we're ignoring for second and they're moving parallel to |
|
| 07:12 | other. Okay, so everything is . But look what happens where this |
|
| 07:20 | in this water merge. We're going squeeze those flow lines closer together and |
|
| 07:34 | we're going to divert where the flow are converging or diverging. We have |
|
| 07:47 | careful flow. Now it turns out also have acceleration and deceleration because the |
|
| 07:56 | these flow lines occurred to each the faster the floor. So converging |
|
| 08:02 | lines is increasing losses. Diverging. lines is decreasing awesome. Now what |
|
| 08:10 | can in turn result in is increasing In the one case, increasing deposition |
|
| 08:18 | the other. And that actually explains in most cases with bed forms. |
|
| 08:26 | bed forms, we have erosion on upstream side and deposition on the downstream |
|
| 08:34 | . So if we're dealing with ripples dooms, they migrate that is the |
|
| 08:40 | ripple for bed for migrates them street of this relationship. Now we'll see |
|
| 08:47 | a moment how this relationship would differ something like an antique. Now, |
|
| 08:53 | I've shown this for a river, have non uniform flow and flow convergence |
|
| 09:00 | divergence in all sorts of settings. are actually for the slope. |
|
| 09:07 | And so you can imagine increasing lawsuit going downslope hitting a flatter slope and |
|
| 09:18 | down because the last days the function slope. So we have erosion |
|
| 09:26 | There's a variety of different geometries that can division both in plan view and |
|
| 09:31 | cross section where these flow lines beat , The turbidity curb or current channel |
|
| 09:40 | convergent. Now we can also look flow, the changes with time. |
|
| 09:49 | we can look at the change in or discharge and this might be a |
|
| 09:53 | river when a storm comes, dumps lot of water, the velocity and |
|
| 09:59 | discharged. This could also be the with Iran increases and decreases. It's |
|
| 10:07 | . So yeah, now, if want to know about shear stress |
|
| 10:15 | we can go back to our flow and we see that the flow increases |
|
| 10:21 | we get higher and higher in the and the change in velocity with elevation |
|
| 10:29 | here at least a relative constant. so that slope is the viscosity. |
|
| 10:37 | so the bottom shear stress is the city of that basically terms. |
|
| 10:46 | it turns out there's two Wisconsin decision Wisconsin which is essentially the robbing uh |
|
| 10:54 | parallel flow lines going against the molecules one flow line or rubbing against the |
|
| 11:01 | next flow line and they slow each down. Yeah, there's also kinetic |
|
| 11:10 | and that has to do with the and Exchange effective change of momentum between |
|
| 11:18 | two floor logs. So, clearly going to be more important in a |
|
| 11:24 | flow. So let's look at the type for constant viscosity, the shear |
|
| 11:35 | increases with sheer strength. The strain the change in velocity in this case |
|
| 11:42 | elevation. And so the newtonian fluid a constant, lost any plots as |
|
| 11:49 | straight line and has no shear So it any appliance stress. Any |
|
| 11:56 | stress is going to result in sheer in strength. Perfect. This is |
|
| 12:04 | newtonian fluid, lower viscosity, more for less stress. Okay, now |
|
| 12:12 | could envision fluid that had a shear . The yield strength. I share |
|
| 12:23 | and uh that fluid and I'm using term fluid now incorrectly about correct |
|
| 12:33 | A normal as you apply share there's deformation, tell you exceed its sheer |
|
| 12:43 | and then it begins to deform. what that really is is a plastic |
|
| 12:47 | plastic, it's not a newtonian but it is a brief. So |
|
| 12:55 | example, and so although will not about it right now. Uh We'll |
|
| 13:00 | about it when we start talking about fans, for example. Uh There |
|
| 13:05 | a variety of different fluid responses that mainly with respect to settle in |
|
| 13:16 | Uh Now with the bingham plastic viscosity constant once it fails or begins to |
|
| 13:23 | their set, there are other types fluids and plastics that change with uh |
|
| 13:33 | so that they're a nonlinear response. , non cohesive debris flows like |
|
| 13:42 | Uh They don't have a constant a cohesive to refloat does. It's |
|
| 13:48 | got a sheer strength. A turbidity , isn't it Tony flew. So |
|
| 13:54 | be thinking back on how an applied results in a strain and fluid motion |
|
| 14:02 | this course. Yeah. Now it's enough to visualize basal shear stress is |
|
| 14:08 | the wait of the water parallel to bottom. Clearly it increases the depth |
|
| 14:18 | was slow. Okay. Uh It's really easy to measure though. And |
|
| 14:28 | we're going to approach your stress even we'll talk about basal shear stress, |
|
| 14:33 | going to use a different approach. . But conceptually this is really a |
|
| 14:39 | things visuals. Yeah. It's also to remember the difference between laminar and |
|
| 14:45 | flow. Laminar flow is basically those lines pro parallel to each other with |
|
| 14:51 | the molecular viscosity slowing them down. has a vertical and horizontal, lateral |
|
| 15:00 | forward fluctuation. And so this has exchange of momentum that slows down the |
|
| 15:09 | flow lines even so that's why when look at it lost a profile and |
|
| 15:14 | flow more parabolic in terms of its no longer with. Now it turns |
|
| 15:23 | that turbine flow is the north in Service. Laminar flow is unusual in |
|
| 15:31 | fluid. It's the norm in plastic like alluvial fans or rather debris |
|
| 15:39 | So we're going to see that the importance of lamb, universal turbulent |
|
| 15:45 | various thing what's setting we're in but still like to know at what |
|
| 15:50 | let's say water it goes from laminar flow and that quite cursed at a |
|
| 15:59 | . Real stuff. There is a number which is a conventional ratio of |
|
| 16:08 | discus forces. Yeah. That for a generic sense Is a Lobster Crippling |
|
| 16:18 | Life and Stuff. There are a of different forms of the rentals but |
|
| 16:25 | all are in this format. What on things like what critical lost you |
|
| 16:31 | using? So an open jail for meaningful, meaningful. That came that |
|
| 16:45 | . Mhm. Whoa. Reynolds number Reynolds number church. So if you |
|
| 16:52 | laminar flow you are low numbers, law, seat loaded or high annual |
|
| 17:02 | . You want to increase the real the recently increased lost. It's for |
|
| 17:14 | channel flow. It's about 2000. . Right now if you do the |
|
| 17:23 | you try to squeeze down depth please velocity. It's almost impossible to get |
|
| 17:33 | flowing so small. This lack what need to do is increase this |
|
| 17:45 | So if you want to lower rentals try to deal with slowing it |
|
| 17:53 | Up up discussing that's the way you're to get laminar flow. It is |
|
| 18:02 | now and uh in nature Which is increase the velocity by increasing seven |
|
| 18:11 | The main way we increase viscosity and we're interested in is increasing the |
|
| 18:21 | Now said earlier we get cheer stress actually looking at the profile on the |
|
| 18:34 | flow. Yeah. Now you've got different profiles here. But if you |
|
| 18:39 | these on small semi log paper. know, it's it's all strippers. |
|
| 18:46 | it is based on long rhythm. ready to change here is inversely |
|
| 18:59 | You don't call you stop for this . So this changed has a cold |
|
| 19:10 | stress. This changes in my cheers. So what we we do |
|
| 19:18 | a case like that we actually want . So we made the last three |
|
| 19:27 | project a straight line and we get slope that's slow its share with |
|
| 19:38 | eight years. Mr Johnson. that's all. Again this report. |
|
| 19:51 | increasingly we both feel and experimental data are expressing slow strength in terms of |
|
| 20:00 | lost. And again, memory is a real velocity is the share |
|
| 20:08 | Mhm. And said that right as increase the distance from God bed and |
|
| 20:19 | increase the heart. There's actually zone we have landed before. And that |
|
| 20:28 | breaks up. We increase height. point will begin to devour security. |
|
| 20:38 | there's a possible at the base of very smooth body. It's cool. |
|
| 20:48 | that's called this system turbulence is We have fully felt tournament. Now |
|
| 21:01 | only exists if you've got real And it turns out that the way |
|
| 21:08 | can break it up is have great sand that is instead better than |
|
| 21:15 | This is separated. But he had fine sand and it's flat bottom. |
|
| 21:24 | actually have a what we refer to a hydraulic hydraulically smooth. But if |
|
| 21:30 | have mediums of workman's hands or the himself. So he had some hydraulic |
|
| 21:40 | . And sediment movement varies depending on you live. These biological smooth. |
|
| 21:48 | my God. We talk and See Yeah. Oh so the profile |
|
| 21:59 | get broken up. This is some . See it. The way in |
|
| 22:05 | we transport this seven in terms of is different than here. Right? |
|
| 22:16 | other thing is we think of this , this log rhythmic profile. It's |
|
| 22:23 | the mean velocity. There are intervals with. So what's really changes. |
|
| 22:36 | profile rossi slows down and then there's by and eight races sweeps first sweeps |
|
| 22:49 | here. This is the first cycle sleep cycle. And what that really |
|
| 22:57 | is the transfer of turbulence from that on song fire up into they have |
|
| 23:10 | britons. And this is the way sediment basically put into speech by these |
|
| 23:18 | and streams. Yeah. But one from here, I love them |
|
| 23:33 | We see increasing debt increasing self. increases here we have a decreases with |
|
| 23:49 | cost. Now this transition from uniform not get impossible. The increasing |
|
| 24:00 | Pretty much transition. It is a and unstudied. This is a tremendous |
|
| 24:15 | of energy and what hydraulic jump and it occurs to go from this condition |
|
| 24:30 | definitely speak to flat. So let's what that is. Mm. So |
|
| 24:41 | the real remote tranquil for that's kind just leave it for that term increasing |
|
| 24:50 | interrogation critical point. We have to turned out this is a separate and |
|
| 25:03 | it slows down again. Shooting It's a kind of that transition on |
|
| 25:17 | critical super picture. Is that a . So in order to understand different |
|
| 25:26 | and its ability to transport deposits. . We need to look in a |
|
| 25:33 | the bench. Let's not in addition the Reynolds the fruit before we do |
|
| 25:38 | . Let's just let's see what it like you here. Is that some |
|
| 25:45 | close? I'm right here they Yeah ready. And this hydraulic jump |
|
| 26:01 | Yeah. So okay. The bed . Thank you. They're free. |
|
| 26:12 | is that? The ratio of inertial its lawsuit the lost democratic At the |
|
| 26:25 | of gravity waves function one death. used me some you want to visualize |
|
| 26:35 | a gravity wave looks like a throw rock and pop rocket or |
|
| 26:42 | The speed with which that ripple propagates from the impact. Is the speed |
|
| 26:49 | the gravity way the deepest pond. faster problems. That's why tsunami, |
|
| 26:57 | is the gravity weight was very fast it's a really now some critical was |
|
| 27:09 | flow defined by the number results in in two different worlds Of seven. |
|
| 27:18 | performs in the opposition instead of Uh this article here 17 effective fresh's |
|
| 27:29 | architecture From for about the last four , maybe three. You know, |
|
| 27:35 | say five. Going to um we've an almost exponential increase in the recognition |
|
| 27:46 | supercritical flow process. And they're sedimentary both in the lab and in the |
|
| 27:59 | . Yeah. Now, in anticipation later uh we could actually have what's |
|
| 28:07 | the incident here. Uh huh. deal with here. We're looking at |
|
| 28:18 | relative densities and that's related to settlement , let's say a turbidity current versus |
|
| 28:26 | online for Mhm. So they're the is the thickness of the media |
|
| 28:34 | The density contrast is a function of ambient water versus um concentration. And |
|
| 28:42 | we can talk about upper flow I'm sorry. Uh with supercritical flow |
|
| 28:51 | turbidity currents kilometers deep or on a millimeters deep. Now, one of |
|
| 29:06 | things that I showed earlier, what the water pinching? That is one |
|
| 29:14 | and pitches later described. It says the water surface is out of |
|
| 29:22 | That's God. Now, down here something the water surfaces infants, the |
|
| 29:33 | , what that might be. You , uh you could actually think this |
|
| 29:37 | of like water. Uh huh. a head which is a measure. |
|
| 29:46 | . Well, Mhm. That includes allegation, the pressure in the |
|
| 29:54 | There's a lot here. This it's an elevation that represents the total |
|
| 30:04 | in this system because the water is there's a kinetic energy as well as |
|
| 30:11 | and the faster the water the greatest . Therefore the higher the probability The |
|
| 30:19 | between one surface, which is the and this energy law is invisible. |
|
| 30:28 | a measure as that kinetic energy The kinetic energy instances institute that makes |
|
| 30:44 | . You got slow convergence, increased here, flow diversion deeply. |
|
| 30:56 | This geometry is easy lunch. What unless it is is this set |
|
| 31:08 | we had in faith? What? so look what happens to the |
|
| 31:13 | convergence and divergence. You don't really any. Yeah. Look at that |
|
| 31:27 | line. Yeah, there's a change the energy is decreasing year. |
|
| 31:38 | And increasing here now. That's But it has an interesting impact. |
|
| 31:46 | means that we're as for the energy here we have a solution and here |
|
| 31:52 | have deposition here. The energy is here. On the downstream language |
|
| 32:01 | energy is decreasing here. So we deposition on the upstream side now in |
|
| 32:10 | that settled is derived from erosion here deposition here erosion here, deposition |
|
| 32:21 | So the sentiment still moving downstream. the bed form is actually moving upstream |
|
| 32:29 | the downstream age is eroding in the the opposite of what happened to |
|
| 32:36 | Yeah. So what that means is as we break this up because But |
|
| 32:51 | how the empty velocity version deposition Each of these. Yeah, the |
|
| 33:05 | under which this your water phase is face. Self great When we pass |
|
| 33:16 | critical through number one until into the . Yes. Uh huh. Self |
|
| 33:28 | shoot that transition that we talked about terms of increasing velocity, increasing prudent |
|
| 33:40 | in this new world. Super. a good thing uh In the next |
|
| 33:49 | we did it. Yeah okay. want to get segment moving we're ignoring |
|
| 33:57 | set you can traction on the you can bounce exaltation and you can |
|
| 34:02 | it partially continue in suspension. We also define it is dead load which |
|
| 34:12 | all stations are suspended. There is controversy going on now about Washington. |
|
| 34:20 | term watch loan refers to that portion the suspended sediment that is never off |
|
| 34:28 | has to be something it's not the within the river measure it stays in |
|
| 34:39 | intermittent suspension. No at least spend time on death. Some question this |
|
| 34:51 | the confusion is coming because we're seeing and more than clay is not being |
|
| 34:58 | . This clip on being transported flocks this transition into suspended load and then |
|
| 35:06 | load has continued suspension is a little biggies. I'm gonna focus right now |
|
| 35:14 | the bed look and what we have screen lines over particles emerge, conversion |
|
| 35:24 | lines need some christians. It turns were newly appointed expression so we actually |
|
| 35:36 | a pressure gradient it gets in there of different pressures you So that is |
|
| 35:48 | list that we have to ensure. he says there's some kind of combined |
|
| 35:56 | to try to get that part of movie. So increasing the cheers, |
|
| 36:04 | and increasingly lost eight. We'll talk that part has the potential for basically |
|
| 36:13 | motion. Oh I'm not going to about this. Mhm. So we |
|
| 36:24 | at the moment. No exaltation That's because of the little viscosity, |
|
| 36:33 | balance internet suspension siltation. Notice that he wants to stay in, it |
|
| 36:42 | to fall down, get directions. also uh provision of meditation or grains |
|
| 36:55 | and keep themselves into more substantial. you see this is recreational from rolling |
|
| 37:04 | bouncing to intermittent consultation and uh are coming into uninterrupted. So until the |
|
| 37:18 | and tell the velocity slows down. german slow down. It will stay |
|
| 37:22 | suspension and it's your fault now engineers long time have been interested in |
|
| 37:35 | emotions, the point at which erosion And it's important because engineers don't want |
|
| 37:43 | to erode like the bed of pierre . And so early on the created |
|
| 37:54 | it's expressing shield doctors between no motion motion and it's expressed in terms that |
|
| 38:03 | no intuitive sense. Parents field There is a Crane Reynolds one the |
|
| 38:17 | number of autumn stress divided on She can have many, many numbers |
|
| 38:26 | saw and see uh capacity and He this is not a relationship that's |
|
| 38:35 | to visualize. Uh huh But if look at it for a second. |
|
| 38:42 | got philosophy here. You got that's and here you've got three characters |
|
| 38:57 | wow, maybe you can rearrange things so you can rearrange the reunions retail |
|
| 39:05 | you make certain something in the water change. And a great example for |
|
| 39:15 | that you can look at velocity in rain by hand and you see that |
|
| 39:20 | get it moving the course, you , this is you that's velocity and |
|
| 39:28 | year ago. Why that? Because what the experiments, but that just |
|
| 39:35 | emphasize the fact that we use a of different causes. But this now |
|
| 39:42 | critical velocity is something we can better and we could also used maybe |
|
| 39:53 | I agree. Yeah, so we a lot of lossy shear stress we |
|
| 40:03 | use here. The loss. So is the kind of my grandpa used |
|
| 40:11 | say because this is the same such in order to tell whether or not |
|
| 40:20 | instead or not the problem is a wants to know more geologist wants to |
|
| 40:28 | what happens is that saturday is being and they are awesome. So where |
|
| 40:36 | the engineers might only be interested Is it moving or not? We |
|
| 40:40 | like to know once it starts it was a good move with increasing |
|
| 40:47 | goes from no motions, attraction to . Okay, now there's a good |
|
| 40:54 | which we go from fractions recognizing the they felt conceptual response, where does |
|
| 41:03 | occur? Well, in order to that, we need to think of |
|
| 41:10 | fall velocity of that part of in words, in quiet water, that |
|
| 41:17 | will fall in particular philosophy to keep in suspension, there has to be |
|
| 41:22 | upward component of turbulence, at least that magic and experiments against here is |
|
| 41:38 | uh you start. Yeah. First they yeah, fall whether you star |
|
| 41:53 | equivalent and falls loss or great the does in his speech well. So |
|
| 42:00 | it says here here, there's no In which 70 transported distraction. Mm |
|
| 42:09 | beyond that as suspension. Okay. . So we're gonna look at how |
|
| 42:20 | then becomes our some of the bedroom . This is what we're gonna see |
|
| 42:33 | . A couple of other thanks to confidence is a term we use for |
|
| 42:39 | course's greens that can be transported using shield on capacity if proportional is the |
|
| 42:51 | of the center. Yes, proportional some power function. Philosophy. |
|
| 42:57 | difficult kids. I'm not going to with this too much except that these |
|
| 43:05 | terms that use. But the variables talking about and are locally important, |
|
| 43:12 | in terms of predicting sediment load and it for capacity. Oh yes. |
|
| 43:23 | when you begin to look at sustaining , we usually think of it as |
|
| 43:36 | but when the flow velocities get pretty over a beautiful sentence. You again |
|
| 43:44 | . Yeah, fine great city And you continue to increase three or 4 |
|
| 43:53 | percent you can be a force and lot of it's important to realize the |
|
| 44:02 | uh change this possible in terms of set so that we could literally have |
|
| 44:13 | in suspension if the velocities are Now the other. Think it's a |
|
| 44:22 | confusing. Yes, when we do that she'll diagram is the emotion when |
|
| 44:32 | look at the Houston time this line . Yeah, that's what we're talking |
|
| 44:43 | Children. But notice he said That train line, it says it's really |
|
| 44:56 | bring seven. It's harder and Or this line here that position. |
|
| 45:06 | where there is no function. Well students here it's basically stops me. |
|
| 45:14 | , it works too that transportations it's bus. So my sense is it's |
|
| 45:24 | kindly silk for you when you get . It's easier to keep it |
|
| 45:34 | What now? Why don't you have the final grades out of a electrostatic |
|
| 45:43 | articles. Makes it harder issues Yeah, but they can stay in |
|
| 45:51 | even so. So this is a basically this live this expansion is associated |
|
| 46:00 | cohesion. With uh cohesion and Mud also is except for any length |
|
| 46:10 | time is very hard to. Mm we're looking here unconsolidated this past |
|
| 46:20 | Remember that line said Mhm. You following this is shit. So because |
|
| 46:37 | can just have traffic triangular. So the bed loan transfer. Can we |
|
| 46:46 | this done? Make it look like or we can make it look like |
|
| 46:54 | using cheer stir. Now this is kind of a convenient shape because it |
|
| 47:05 | us to think about how fluctuations and might affect the. Mhm. Very |
|
| 47:17 | variation in size and great friends. the kind of year we've got this |
|
| 47:27 | grain stocks can be transferred. stressed way up here. You've got |
|
| 47:36 | much wide. Was that referred to well sort the bed load materials You |
|
| 47:46 | fine grained and 40 cents. Yeah. He also says if you |
|
| 48:01 | turbulent situations and how much water you size courage. Okay, anonymous. |
|
| 48:16 | . Now one of the things that ended with yesterday was the idea that |
|
| 48:21 | could put on a probability distribution on very predicting. And we can also |
|
| 48:33 | at not so much a probability distribution the grain size distribution. Mhm. |
|
| 48:40 | the probability distribution shear stress and the son. What set Now I've expressed |
|
| 48:54 | in terms of critical share experience. are no longer looking for inside your |
|
| 49:02 | . I'm looking at critical shear stress to remove them. And it turns |
|
| 49:12 | this sand is not. But as begin to increase the here stress we |
|
| 49:20 | to have some higher velocity. We're to wind up the fine grained material |
|
| 49:32 | that bedroom. And this week move and more we can see more more |
|
| 49:42 | they and training and we can talk transport state reading. Yeah, amount |
|
| 49:56 | . Well I'll skip the tap. cannot set I'll set Sure a |
|
| 50:12 | She had 16. Yeah. This not set this in the underground black |
|
| 50:25 | . So different when it will be gravitate. But we also get in |
|
| 50:31 | where we can end up with the paper, the base of the |
|
| 50:36 | Yes the shear stresses for nothing, . But yeah. So we need |
|
| 50:45 | think about how we expressed uh flow type, how we express measures |
|
| 50:56 | flow strength and how we can look the patterns of bed load and suspended |
|
| 51:04 | . Transport as a function of both size and sheer stress. And what |
|
| 51:11 | will do is lead us into the topic today which is basically bed forms |
|
| 51:17 | sentiment construction. Uh But that's where gonna take a brief stock. Uh |
|
| 51:24 | not go on and stop reporting. |
|
