| 00:01 | Uh huh. Okay. Are you on Dylan German Chancellor? Um |
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| 00:37 | essentially the invites for both days. . Place in progress. Yeah. |
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| 01:45 | . Everybody have the first slide, can't find it. Okay. |
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| 02:04 | I'll live to the whole group. Yeah. Okay, so the |
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| 02:33 | the first lecture that I'm going to you today is called distinctive aspects of |
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| 02:37 | rocks. And for those of you have more of a background in solicit |
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| 02:42 | , I want you to take all information you've learned and park it in |
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| 02:46 | back of your brain and forget about for the next several weekends. Because |
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| 02:52 | you try to approach carbonates, like approach classics, that will become very |
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| 02:58 | . So the first slide here shows the sort of the list of lectures |
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| 03:03 | going to present uh during this segment the goal here is to give you |
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| 03:09 | good introduction of carbonate geology as it . Vote to hydrocarbon exploration and development |
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| 03:16 | . So this is going to be applied segment. Uh I presume most |
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| 03:21 | you don't have a strong background in and and that's usually the case most |
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| 03:26 | don't get really strong carbonate training and universities. And so I'm going to |
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| 03:32 | with the basic relationships today. there's gonna be a lot of terminology |
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| 03:37 | we have to work through. And this is gonna you're gonna find this |
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| 03:41 | of confusing to begin with. But my job as we go along is |
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| 03:44 | apply all of this information is terminology the bigger scale relationships that we'll talk |
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| 03:51 | later. And so we'll start with basic building blocks here for today and |
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| 03:56 | . And then we'll get into a of where we put everything together first |
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| 04:01 | the, into the context of what call deep and shallow marine carbonate sedimentary |
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| 04:06 | . So these are the famous modern environments, like the Bahamas in the |
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| 04:10 | gulf, great barrier reef in places that. And I'll take you through |
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| 04:16 | famous areas. He appreciate some of key controls on carbonate deposition. And |
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| 04:22 | we'll end up by summarizing the sort what we call to end member |
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| 04:27 | The state margin carbonate platform model and round model. So the platform model |
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| 04:33 | shallow water drops off abruptly into very water area. We call a basin |
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| 04:39 | then a ramp by definition in one slope angle as you go from land |
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| 04:43 | into a deeper water basin. So basin and Iran bottle is not as |
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| 04:47 | as it is in a state margin platform. And then just to give |
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| 04:53 | a feel for uh tempered water carbonates have a short lecture on this uh |
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| 05:00 | , uh although I'm gonna downplay the of temperate water carbonate deposition because most |
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| 05:05 | our expiration uh in this business is confined to tropical and subtropical settings. |
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| 05:11 | I'll give you a feel for how water carbonates are different than tropical and |
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| 05:17 | carbonates, but that's basically all I'm going to spend in terms of |
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| 05:21 | talking about the these temperature cool water . We'll talk a little bit about |
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| 05:27 | because they relate uh can be seen of some of our shallow marine carbonate |
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| 05:32 | . Uh, evaporates also can play role in trapping hydrocarbons. So they're |
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| 05:37 | of the what we call the carbonate relationship. After we talk about the |
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| 05:43 | environments, we're going to get into we're gonna add the time factor and |
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| 05:47 | going to get into a discussion about positional. So sequences and cycles. |
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| 05:54 | Buzz word for the last 30 years been sequenced photography. But and most |
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| 06:00 | don't realize that there are two different to do sequence photography and carbonates. |
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| 06:04 | uh I'll talk about those differences and the rock based approach. Very simple |
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| 06:11 | based approach without all the jargon that along with the other uh model. |
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| 06:17 | I used to work for Exxon's research when these models are being developed and |
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| 06:22 | both of them interestingly were being developed the same time within Exxon Corporation. |
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| 06:29 | the one that's gotten all the press the last 30 years is a so |
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| 06:32 | systems tracks approach, which has its and uh interpretation of seismic data, |
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| 06:39 | ? The geometries on seismic. And take those relationships and we'll build on |
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| 06:45 | by talking about. Well, log seismic expression and talking about some of |
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| 06:49 | uses of those databases for breaking out depositions packages. Also talking about some |
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| 06:54 | the pitfalls of trying to use log or seismic data to interpret either what |
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| 07:00 | call carbonate faces relationships or breaking out plays. We need to talk a |
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| 07:07 | bit about carbon a source rocks. sure you'll get much more of this |
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| 07:09 | you get into your organic chemistry or you've already had that some of you |
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| 07:13 | , I don't know but Mhm. just to give you a feel for |
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| 07:19 | source walk potential to some of these environments because they do source major oil |
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| 07:24 | gas reservoirs around the world. And by that time we're ready to put |
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| 07:30 | into, into a context of carbonate types and I'll take you through this |
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| 07:36 | take several days toward the end of seminar will just systematically work through these |
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| 07:40 | play types and the reservoir analog that along with that. So you get |
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| 07:45 | feel for the setting where these plays developed what controls their occurrence and |
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| 07:52 | Uh what are some of the diabetic to create reservoir quality associated with these |
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| 07:58 | . And basically to give you a of guidance or guidelines that you can |
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| 08:02 | back with you and apply later if ever work carbonate reservoirs in the |
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| 08:08 | Okay, and then the last thing talk about is zoning or modeling carbonate |
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| 08:14 | . What are the challenges after you a discovery on of the carbonate |
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| 08:19 | What are the challenges of developing What kinds of strategies should you think |
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| 08:23 | ? And so I'll take you through case studies to show you those |
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| 08:28 | Okay, so the I want to you again that I've, the lecture |
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| 08:37 | are copyrighted. Uh they should be for your use in the seminar. |
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| 08:44 | I apologize for watermarking everything that I've you, but uh I I |
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| 08:49 | I reached a point years ago where got tired of people taking my stuff |
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| 08:53 | publishing it and uh with no credit me, so I'm not even asking |
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| 08:58 | they could publish it. So that's rationale for watermarking the material you |
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| 09:05 | if you ever see a slide that show you that you think you could |
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| 09:08 | in your work or something like I'll be glad to give you a |
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| 09:11 | or a copy of that slide. uh so just let me know and |
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| 09:16 | also noticed that the power points, PDFs of the power points that I |
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| 09:20 | to you guys on blackboard often have slides and I'm actually going to show |
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| 09:24 | my presentation. So some of those are just there for background information. |
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| 09:29 | extra map or an extra diagram that the relationship. And so you may |
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| 09:34 | me skip over some of those slides that you have in your slides that |
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| 09:39 | to what I'm going to show you . Okay, and of course I'm |
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| 09:43 | to to uh test you guys. you've all been through this before. |
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| 09:50 | so we've got the, The first tests are 20% the finals, 50% |
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| 09:55 | then, for. for class you know, based on questions and |
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| 10:02 | like that that you might ask. that's, that's the way things are |
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| 10:05 | up. And our first exam is until next weekend and I'll uh, |
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| 10:10 | send something out early next week in of the, of the kinds of |
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| 10:15 | . I will quiz you on for first quiz. So you get some |
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| 10:18 | for what to be looking for. . All right. So let's get |
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| 10:25 | the heart of this discussion about distinctive of carbonates. This is a |
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| 10:29 | I always start with uh, for most of my industry horses, |
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| 10:33 | a, that's the slide uh in intended to make fun of uh most |
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| 10:40 | that work for oil companies because they these pictures like we have here from |
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| 10:45 | caribbean and they think that when we to the modern, we go there |
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| 10:49 | sit on a beach and drink pina . When in fact the goal here |
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| 10:54 | to go to the modern, to the setting of carbonate deposition, to |
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| 10:58 | the key controls carbonate deposition and we apply that to the rock record in |
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| 11:05 | caribbean, that is the place of . So you see the rocks that |
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| 11:08 | are standing on in this, in slide here. That's a Pleistocene sequence |
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| 11:14 | this on the same platform. That a lot of the modern sediments that |
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| 11:18 | would have looked at by snorkeling the before, for example. But obviously |
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| 11:23 | reason why we study these carbonates is they are major oil and gas |
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| 11:28 | potentially anywhere from 50 to 60% of reserves of carbonates. The reserves, |
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| 11:36 | reserves worldwide are associated with carbonate And also, I think many of |
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| 11:41 | probably realize that their major lead zinc also associated with these carbonate rock |
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| 11:48 | Okay, so those of you that new to carbonates, here's a map |
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| 11:52 | the world. It shows you today distribution of our what we call warm |
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| 11:58 | or tropical subtropical |
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