| 00:00 | Recording in progress. This is selected of Neuroscience. This subject is then |
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| 00:08 | cannabinoid system and cannabinoids. So we talking a little bit about medical cannabinoids |
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| 00:15 | they're related to epilepsy. So, lecture, we covered brain rhythms, |
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| 00:20 | frequencies of these rhythms. And we about how abnormal synchronization can lead to |
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| 00:26 | rhythms that will have certain features and the cellular level as well as certain |
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| 00:32 | and synchronized activity that you can record E E G recordings. We talked |
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| 00:38 | how there are pharmaceutical treatments for some these very hard to treat epilepsies and |
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| 00:43 | there are also alternative ways to treat diseases. So we'll talk about the |
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| 00:48 | system within a broader sense. A bit more about the reality of medical |
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| 00:53 | and pharmaceutical preparations from cannabinoids and On Monday, we will have a |
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| 01:01 | in depth like COVID-19 Neurological equation, in depth than we discussed at the |
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| 01:08 | beginning of this course. And then week from today, we will have |
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| 01:13 | final exam, review session and then have your final exam. Um So |
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| 01:23 | move into our electric material. And this is myself. So if you |
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| 01:35 | to contact me before, finally, can use this email is my |
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| 01:41 | So I'm also an entrepreneur, um a business person you can say, |
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| 01:47 | it's kind of a change for me being a scientist to becoming more involved |
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| 01:53 | entrepreneurship. In about 2015, I a TED X talk in illness in |
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| 02:03 | . And if you look up my name and X, you will find |
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| 02:07 | talk. I'm gonna talk about epilepsy I talk about epilepsy and cannabis and |
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| 02:13 | talk about different molecules and also representation that disease through, through musical |
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| 02:22 | So at the very end, I with a friend of mine who's a |
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| 02:27 | and he translated my seizure recordings that did here at the University of Houston |
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| 02:34 | into, into musical rhythms. So you want to, you can watch |
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| 02:38 | on your own. But that talk my mind and challenged myself an |
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| 02:44 | And I became increasingly more interested in just what's in the lab, what's |
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| 02:50 | the books and in the papers, also the reality of what is on |
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| 02:55 | street, what's in the marketplace, things, the bad things and |
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| 03:00 | And so I have quite a lot experience in understanding cannabis and cannabinoids. |
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| 03:07 | I've used, I've served as an in Supreme Courts in Canada uh to |
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| 03:14 | . It's called in front of her , the queen uh for uh different |
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| 03:21 | involving cannabis and cannabinoids, as well providing expertise to the regulators and lawmakers |
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| 03:30 | in Austin on Capitol Hill. And the past seven or eight years, |
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| 03:35 | trained over 1500 medical doctors and registered , practicing nurses on on the subject |
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| 03:45 | through materials that have been created by but approved by American Medical Association or |
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| 03:52 | that is called continuous medical education. guess what? Learning never stops. |
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| 03:58 | if you end up being a you have to take what is called |
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| 04:02 | L E. So continuous legal education and you have to take them every |
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| 04:08 | . If you are in medical you'll have to take C M E |
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| 04:11 | continuous medical education. You have to yourself. And this is an emerging |
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| 04:16 | in general, in medical practice and society. And so there's quite a |
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| 04:20 | of interest in this particular area. this is being cut off. But |
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| 04:26 | do we perceive cannabis for the last 100 years uh was predominantly shaped by |
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| 04:35 | propaganda that is referred to as we madness. And in this course, |
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| 04:41 | taught you a lot of times, at the history so that you |
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| 04:44 | you can put things within place them a perspective, within a historical |
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| 04:50 | Why things are where we are What Ramonica Hall did by drawing and |
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| 04:57 | about plasticity where we are now, can we study plasticity in both of |
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| 05:01 | dyes? And understanding that we have versus we had then 100 years |
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| 05:07 | But the US government comes up with For Madness campaign in the 19 |
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| 05:14 | And that happens about a year or after the alcohol prohibition ends. So |
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| 05:19 | some point, alcohol was prohibited in country. And if you look in |
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| 05:23 | history in the twenties and thirties of alcohol, there's a lot of |
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| 05:29 | there's a lot of trafficking of barrels alcohol and whiskey from Canada across the |
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| 05:34 | , right? Al Capone Chicago, whole thing with uh with teamsters is |
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| 05:40 | on and the gangs, but then becomes legal in 1932 and all of |
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| 05:47 | agents that were chasing the teamsters and boozers, they're out of job pretty |
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| 05:52 | . So it's the government and the interest that decides to criminalize cannabis. |
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| 05:59 | , why should it be the Why should it be the special interest |
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| 06:03 | not the medical doctors? In in other words, was the historically |
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| 06:07 | outcry for medical community saying let's stop cannabis. And the reason why I |
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| 06:14 | medical community is because at the beginning the 20th century, if you walked |
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| 06:18 | the US pharmacies, most of the that you would find on the shelf |
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| 06:22 | kind of a botanical, extracted preparations different plants from lavender and citrus and |
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| 06:29 | cannabis. But also there was bad , opium and things like that. |
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| 06:34 | was a lot of unregulated stuff. was no standardized way to produce these |
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| 06:39 | extractions from different plants. So it a little bit of a danger |
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| 06:45 | So there was a beneficial aspect of preparations and then dangerous aspects. But |
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| 06:52 | was not the medical community that said cannabis is really dangerous. It was |
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| 06:56 | propaganda media that portrayed cannabis as highly . Women cry for it. You |
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| 07:03 | , men die for it. Men for it also because they get aggressive |
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| 07:09 | created ecstasy, avalanche, frightful perversions beasts of men and women. There |
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| 07:16 | a lot of racial undertones that white if they smoked to consume cannabis, |
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| 07:21 | would end up having interracial relationships. you know, this was just all |
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| 07:26 | the thirties, sex crays, innocent , victims of the new sex craze |
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| 07:32 | that's what they presented cannabis and marijuana to you when you smoke it, |
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| 07:36 | go wild, you have sex with and you go crazy and you're aggressive |
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| 07:43 | . And we know that's really not case, but what was started in |
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| 07:47 | thirties had repercussions throughout the laws, government, the research, the perception |
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| 07:55 | cannabis. And unfortunately, what happened we got deprived of a lot of |
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| 08:01 | medicinal and therapeutic applications of cannabis and because of this regulation that was dictated |
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| 08:09 | the government and the special interests. also had an impact globally. So |
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| 08:15 | the United States did that, when United Nations started uh listening to the |
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| 08:21 | States is one of the most influential and changing the laws and now the |
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| 08:26 | are changing everywhere in the United States in Europe and in Asia in many |
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| 08:31 | ways. So what, what you know is what you don't know. |
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| 08:36 | in the 19 twenties, when we all of those different tinctures that I |
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| 08:40 | telling you about the preparations and the on the shelves in the US |
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| 08:45 | we didn't know exactly what was inside them. So of course, for |
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| 08:49 | , for thousands of years, there reported, accounts of cannabis use for |
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| 08:53 | medicinal purposes would be for recreational There's accounts of cannabis use that's originating |
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| 09:02 | in the written uh language from 2500 from China area. Emperor. She |
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| 09:10 | , that was detailing the medicinal impact cannabis. And from there, it |
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| 09:17 | through Asia and other European and and hemisphere regions of the world. But |
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| 09:25 | , even when the shamans were preparing concoctions, heating them, dissolving |
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| 09:30 | And when these preparations were found on pharmacy shelves at the beginning of the |
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| 09:35 | century, all the way through the of the 20th century, we didn't |
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| 09:39 | exactly what the active ingredients were. if there was an medicinal effect, |
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| 09:43 | there was an intoxicating effect that was and reported, but we didn't know |
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| 09:48 | exactly in that plant because as you , plants can contain thousands of different |
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| 09:54 | in them. What exactly is the ingredient that is causing this versus this |
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| 09:59 | that. Until in the 19 sixties seventies, there was a development of |
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| 10:04 | performance liquid chromatography, which is an chemistry technique. It is used to |
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| 10:10 | , identify and quantify each component in mixture. So here you have your |
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| 10:16 | , you have your mixture, you alcohol or you boil some roots and |
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| 10:20 | and some uh uh kettle. And you want to see exactly what the |
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| 10:24 | ingredients are. These in botanical not just can any botanical corporation, |
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| 10:29 | put it into this solving solution. with the use of mps, this |
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| 10:36 | solvent containing the mixture is it's passed a column, this H P L |
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| 10:46 | column and this column is filled with absorbent material. And there are many |
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| 10:53 | components in the sample. And these components or ingredients in the sample will |
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| 11:00 | differently in time with the absorbent material this column. So the lighter molecules |
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| 11:09 | travel faster and so on and so . Each component of the sample will |
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| 11:14 | differently, causing different flow rates with components. And leading to the separation |
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| 11:20 | the components as they flow out of column, they get placed in the |
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| 11:24 | in the 60 seventies, it will printed on a chart. Now it |
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| 11:29 | fed into the computer and in the you have the output that shows you |
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| 11:37 | peaks where each one of these peaks a chemical that's present in this mixture |
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| 11:43 | . And the amount of that a percentage of that chemical uh uh |
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| 11:49 | that action. And it's called H L C. And that's what allowed |
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| 11:55 | scientists to start separating individual molecules and ingredients uh and do it with a |
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| 12:03 | greater efficiency. And you will hear word when you talk about botanical products |
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| 12:10 | when you talk about cannabis products, particular, you hear these words C |
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| 12:14 | A s which is certificates of analysis certificates of authenticity. So a lot |
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| 12:20 | pharmaceutical products, you trust to just to the pharmacy and buy it. |
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| 12:24 | don't ask for any test results because simply trust the system, the FDA |
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| 12:30 | drug system in the pharmacy cell Uh when you go to obtain medical |
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| 12:39 | products, there's no such trust for the manufacturers or the consumers. And |
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| 12:46 | to see exactly what the elements are the product in the C O |
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| 12:51 | these, these are done by analytical laboratories. So they cannot be done |
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| 12:57 | the producer. Typically that will reveal at least what is in that |
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| 13:03 | what is in that mixture that somebody's online or in the dispensaries or in |
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| 13:10 | doctor's offices in some states. So 1964 Rafael Ulam uses liquid chromatography and |
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| 13:22 | isolates and successfully describes the structure of H C which really stands for Delta |
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| 13:31 | . Do you see he goes to police station and gets hashish. It's |
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| 13:38 | Israel from the police station and hashish just another preparation of cannabis. It's |
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| 13:43 | a different drug. It's just a preparation of cannabis. So he takes |
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| 13:49 | to the lab. There's a great that talks about this story and the |
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| 13:54 | and other related stories on youtube called scientist. And it's about Dr Rao |
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| 14:00 | who passed about a month and a ago in his nineties. But so |
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| 14:05 | discovers DH C and he gives uh C to uh some of the |
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| 14:12 | he extracts it basically from, from the hashish. He separates that |
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| 14:19 | gives it to monkeys and some monkeys sleepy and others are kind of a |
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| 14:23 | and overreactive. And so he takes home and invites six guests plus his |
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| 14:30 | and asks his wife to bake a , a chocolate cake and he puts |
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| 14:34 | mg of T H C in uh slice of chocolate cake. And after |
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| 14:38 | , he says all the guests you uh some of this cake and eight |
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| 14:45 | for most, most of them are it. A couple of them are |
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| 14:50 | , couple of them kind of stop . And then there's one or two |
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| 14:55 | that are very uncomfortable that have paranoia have panic attack. And to this |
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| 15:03 | , we know that this is the of Delta nine T H C on |
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| 15:06 | individuals that for some individuals, it agreeable and makes them laugh and makes |
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| 15:12 | happy and for others, they never to repeat that experience again. Um |
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| 15:18 | it related to T H C in cannabis in general. Now, because |
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| 15:24 | we have uh this molecule that we in the 19 eighties. Pharmaceutical companies |
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| 15:32 | drugs to name drugs, na but really is just synthetic on T |
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| 15:39 | C molecule. That's in the form the tablets, 2.5 mg of T |
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| 15:45 | C for oppa stimulation of anti anti vomiting and chemotherapy and the terminally |
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| 15:54 | patients. So that is available since eighties through pharmaceutical prescription. Um where |
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| 16:03 | Kelsey Sebo if you have the qualifying , which is uh really severe effects |
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| 16:11 | chemotherapy and severe nausea. This is of the prescriptions that a doctor can |
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| 16:16 | you. So how did pharmaceutical companies find that out? Well, it |
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| 16:24 | out that, you know, pharmaceutical always watch what's happening in the |
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| 16:27 | In reality, what little scientists are in their little labs and how they |
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| 16:33 | to good meetings and speak very loudly front of a lot of people. |
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| 16:37 | there's some pharmaceutical person rep in the taking notes saying, oh, this |
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| 16:42 | a really interesting result. Let us this further. So and 1972 United |
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| 16:50 | government places cannabis on schedule one, is basically cannabis and T H C |
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| 16:55 | says it is dangerous. It has medicinal value and it's addicting and particularly |
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| 17:03 | Delta nine T H C and cannabis . And the reaction is such that |
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| 17:10 | a year or two later, Oregon cannabis. So whenever you see, |
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| 17:17 | you want to do something to suppress , typically the opposite happens, uh |
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| 17:25 | the opposite happens, you know, gonna want to try to regulate |
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| 17:29 | There's probably gonna be a way that gonna be some technological biological invention where |
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| 17:35 | gonna be so widely available and regulated it's gonna be unstoppable. It's just |
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| 17:40 | , that's just what happens, you , uh, uh, uh, |
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| 17:44 | , a lawsuit with the defamation case is going on right now against one |
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| 17:51 | the news networks that basically told lies one of the companies and that company |
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| 17:59 | worth 80 million before this defamation but they just won 800 million from |
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| 18:05 | company that lied and wanted to suppress . So, what did they |
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| 18:09 | They made that company 10 times It had the opposite effect. So |
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| 18:15 | , now you got decriminalization that decriminalization through the west coast. But most |
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| 18:20 | , at the same time, we an AIDS and HIV problem and it's |
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| 18:26 | real serious issue. We don't know to combat it. Advanced stages of |
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| 18:32 | . A person is wasting away. very nauseated, they cannot eat |
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| 18:39 | they're vomiting and they have what is the wasting syndrome, they're losing weight |
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| 18:43 | the faster they lose weight, the they die. And so the hippies |
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| 18:47 | the seventies that was before these drugs pharmaceutical uh preparations notice that if they |
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| 18:54 | cannabis and cannabinoids or certain preparations of plants, cannabis plants that these patients |
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| 19:03 | a little bit of appetite. And is a known function of T H |
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| 19:07 | . In cannabis, it raises appetite stimulant, and they would eat |
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| 19:11 | little bit more and they reduce their . And because of that, they |
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| 19:16 | a little bit happier and lived a bit longer, you know, and |
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| 19:20 | , that's how it started. And pharmaceutical uh companies were taking note of |
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| 19:26 | of this developed synthetic uh T H preparation. That synthetic means that it's |
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| 19:32 | from other chemicals. It synthesized in lab has nothing to do with the |
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| 19:37 | . There's no synthetic marijuana, there's synthetic banana, right. So, |
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| 19:44 | preparations come about only in 4005. have 1 to 1 Delphin nine T |
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| 19:51 | and CBD 2.7% 2.5%. About 1 1 to buckle spray. Buckle |
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| 19:59 | That means you're spraying it into the . You always have to think about |
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| 20:04 | you take different drugs. Something that swallow, drops into the stomach, |
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| 20:10 | P A gastric juices metabolism, digestion into the digestive system, it's absorbed |
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| 20:19 | the blood. So there's a delay and sublingual underneath the tongue and upper |
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| 20:27 | regions. A lot of times we high absorption areas and buckle spray or |
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| 20:33 | spray is a good way to deliver . Um Also talking about delivering medications |
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| 20:39 | the brain. A good way is nasal spray to deliver something into the |
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| 20:43 | too. As we saw the COVID-19 , can get into the brain through |
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| 20:47 | nasal cavity. So can the So this is antipas uh it's against |
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| 20:55 | and pains and multiple sclerosis. multiple sclerosis, C N S D |
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| 21:01 | myelination. We talked about one of chromosomes involved chromosome 18, uh tremors |
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| 21:08 | spasms of the symptoms because you demyelinated neurons and you're having tremors, not |
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| 21:15 | able to control the signaling is not being able to control motor functions |
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| 21:20 | having spasms of the, of the in the periphery. It's very painful |
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| 21:27 | this drug is available and it was by a British company and it's available |
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| 21:32 | the UK and over 25 different countries not in the United States in the |
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| 21:37 | States. Uh The same company in developed a drug that is 10% cannabidiol |
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| 21:44 | canna is the second major and most cannabinoid in the cannabis plant. 10% |
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| 21:54 | solution drops. Basically tincture. It's anti convulsant or anti seizure medication for |
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| 22:01 | the syndrome kids and epilepsies. So talked about sodium channel mutation. S |
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| 22:09 | N one A gene mutation that leads sodium channel mutation. Both get the |
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| 22:13 | channel mutations that can lead to sme severe myronic epilepsy, which is also |
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| 22:19 | syndrome. And so now you understand lead up to this that this is |
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| 22:25 | only approved pharmaceutical. So what Charlotte was taking? I was telling you |
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| 22:29 | the previous lecture under the supervision of is not an approved pharmaceutical corporation. |
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| 22:34 | was a state approved uh preparation under supervision of neurologists, but these are |
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| 22:41 | approved drugs. But I think it's little bit shameful that for the plant |
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| 22:47 | has been medicinally used for thousands of for the plant that has been misrepresented |
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| 22:56 | so many ways uh to only have here in the United States, one |
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| 23:03 | Alpha nine AC pharmaceutical and another one 10% CD D and sesame seed oil |
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| 23:12 | some alcohol and strawberry flavor. It's think that this is a huge opportunity |
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| 23:20 | the reason why I say that is this is not what the medical cannabis |
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| 23:25 | use, the medical cannabis patients. is what the patients use, that |
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| 23:29 | not medical cannabis patients, the medical patients have access to dozens of different |
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| 23:37 | , different formats of products, different of T H C CBD CV, |
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| 23:43 | , CBD A and so on and forth, all of these cannabinoids. |
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| 23:48 | in reality, we have to reconcile is anecdotally is being used now by |
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| 23:54 | of people in this country and hundreds millions around the world into some |
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| 23:59 | some scientific and clinical framework, we what these different components are ratios and |
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| 24:05 | what effect they may really have on disorders. But for now, it's |
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| 24:11 | politicians that are deciding what effect cannabinoid have on different medical conditions like they're |
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| 24:21 | with other things that are medical related . Now, if you recall, |
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| 24:26 | talked about the endocannabinoid system. Um So what makes them very like |
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| 24:34 | H C so much more worse than based H D? Because if it's |
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| 24:39 | same chemical, you need all the extra chemicals in the plant to balance |
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| 24:43 | out or something. That's a great . I'm gonna get to that in |
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| 24:50 | two slides or so if you don't . OK. So, but one |
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| 24:57 | I wanna remind you is what cannabinoid do that we discussed. I will |
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| 25:06 | to that question. I wasn't OK the cannabinoid receptors. Do we discussed |
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| 25:11 | the brain is that they're located preoptic activation of C G one receptor cannabinoid |
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| 25:17 | . One, the neurons will block gated calcium channel will control ci inhibitory |
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| 25:24 | transmission. So well, essentially the excitation in addition, can balance it |
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| 25:31 | excited in our inventory. Synopsis two receptors are predominantly expressed on glial |
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| 25:37 | and most of them microglial cells, remember the function of microglial cells. |
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| 25:41 | when there is injury, when there an infection or something like that microglia |
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| 25:47 | activated and they are regulating the inflammatory . The cytokine molecule amount in the |
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| 25:54 | and unregulated amounts are bad because it there's too much inflammation. Inflammation in |
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| 26:00 | is a signal for the immune system turn on the immune response because inflammation |
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| 26:06 | difficult with consequence to injury or And so here you have a different |
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| 26:12 | by microglia but CD one and CD in the brain, they are not |
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| 26:18 | present in the brain and endo cannas CD receptors and they're synthesizing enzymes. |
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| 26:24 | you have to have synthesizing enzyme that endogen. You have to have degrading |
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| 26:30 | that degrade these endogen molecules. Uh will find endo Cannavino molecules, the |
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| 26:37 | major endogen molecules. Although there are that we are discussing, the two |
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| 26:42 | ones are anandamide. Ananda san means . So it's like a bliss like |
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| 26:49 | or copy molecule. It's endogenous endo like an and to a G two |
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| 26:56 | glycerol molecule, two major ends. throughout the body, there is virtually |
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| 27:05 | cell in the human body and the will have a component of the end |
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| 27:09 | system. CV one CV, two cannabinoid signaling synthesis of degradation in some |
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| 27:17 | , right. So, endocannabinoid molecules interact with C B receptors throughout the |
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| 27:24 | and the body. If they interact neurons, it will affect their neural |
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| 27:30 | . If it interacts with microglial it will regulate inflammatory and repair processes |
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| 27:36 | the microglial cell populations. But it different effects in different parts of the |
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| 27:43 | . And CV two receptors are dominant the organs like that. Bone marrow |
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| 27:49 | pancreas that are responsible for a massive immune response, a systematic immune response |
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| 27:57 | the body. And so you can that there are some organs are dominated |
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| 28:02 | by CV one receptors. Others are CV, two others will have equal |
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| 28:09 | of CV one and CV two Cannabinoid receptor CV receptors are most predominant |
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| 28:15 | protein coupled receptors in the brain. why they require a little bit of |
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| 28:20 | . A little bit more than is to them typically. Uh But this |
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| 28:24 | changing historically too, the endogen mino is a major body and brain homeostatic |
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| 28:30 | regulatory system. It reacts to the . It has a certain base level |
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| 28:37 | endo cannabinoid production. And then if a situation with the newborn, there |
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| 28:45 | an increased production of human milk. in that milk, there will be |
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| 28:49 | production of endo cannabinoid molecules. So like smoking cannabis or consuming T H |
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| 28:57 | alleviates uh nausea and gives people stimulates appetite. The same way endo |
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| 29:05 | is a happy ananda, the happy molecule, but also stimulates suckling newborn |
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| 29:13 | suckling so that it encourages the child go back and get more milk and |
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| 29:18 | be hungry for that milk and be . So uh it will respond to |
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| 29:24 | and stress. It will respond to to immune or help a mass immune |
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| 29:32 | . It will stimulate appetite, it interact with the memory and in |
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| 29:40 | it can influence forgetting. So cannabis or persistent cannabis use can have a |
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| 29:49 | effect on short term memory and later long term memory. So, |
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| 29:56 | then the cannabinoids that are inside the , why would they want to help |
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| 30:02 | forget things? Because if you recall that forms these memories, although it |
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| 30:09 | store these memories and recalls these memories different parts of the cortex and different |
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| 30:15 | of the areas is a part of limbic system. Amygdala is a part |
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| 30:20 | the limbic system. There's the emotional centers here and inevitably really strong memories |
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| 30:28 | the strongest memories have a strong emotional , either happy, a really negative |
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| 30:37 | component. And if you are not to get out of that happy ecstasy |
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| 30:45 | , that's, that's not very You should start forgetting because there's there's |
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| 30:49 | in life some place or if you unable more. So to get out |
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| 30:53 | the sad state like grieving state, can be overwhelming. It could be |
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| 31:00 | and physically challenging and sometimes debilitating when lose a really close loved person, |
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| 31:06 | sibling, your parents and your So over the years, a person |
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| 31:14 | survive because that's part of the mechanism forgetting mechanism to help you get over |
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| 31:20 | . And forgetting is not only just the stories, it's forgetting the emotion |
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| 31:24 | is associated with what happened or at the impact or the strength of that |
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| 31:31 | , inflammation already talked about thermal regulation also some other impacts. Now. |
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| 31:38 | you have endogenous and you have phyto and you have a, a lot |
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| 31:44 | phyto cannas over 100 different phyto cannas and CPA CDC, the G C |
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| 31:52 | C C, the G C And this is just an example of |
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| 31:56 | of them and phyto cannabinoids like T C, for example, structurally are |
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| 32:01 | similar to the endo cannabinoids. And , a lot of phyto cannabinoids like |
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| 32:06 | H C will interact with the CV and therefore just like endo cannabinoids, |
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| 32:11 | can control neural transmission through CV one . T H C will also bind |
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| 32:16 | CV, two receptors. And therefore can control inflammatory responses in the brain |
|
| 32:20 | well. And then they will have targets. Cannabinoids will have other |
|
| 32:27 | not just CD receptors, but other receptors in the brain and in the |
|
| 32:32 | and in the body, as I CD receptors are widely distributed through the |
|
| 32:37 | and the tissues. So typically, we take medications and this is another |
|
| 32:44 | to think about how you're consuming things general. We do it through oral |
|
| 32:50 | , and we typically don't even do that is called sublingual, but we |
|
| 32:56 | sublingual would be placing something under your and waiting for it to dissolve or |
|
| 33:01 | drops under your tongue and meditating for minutes without trying to swallow it or |
|
| 33:07 | like that. Uh, typically, , we swallow medications, uh, |
|
| 33:14 | tablets, uh, even in botanical , you can have them in preparations |
|
| 33:20 | tinctures or oils. A lot of people will drop it on their tongue |
|
| 33:24 | swallow it or wash it down or because it can taste really bad if |
|
| 33:29 | a bad product. So um and gummies are everywhere. Everything is in |
|
| 33:37 | , right? You can go low a gummy, you can go high |
|
| 33:41 | a gummy. Everything. Vitamins for are in gummies. And what do |
|
| 33:47 | do with the gum? Pop it your mouth? Chew, chew, |
|
| 33:50 | , chew, maybe chew chew So there isn't much of it lingering |
|
| 33:56 | in the sublingual or these areas that was telling uh that would have a |
|
| 34:01 | of absorption. So all of it in the stomach gets fully digested. |
|
| 34:06 | for cannabinoids, this is in the of Texas for medical cannabis. This |
|
| 34:11 | the only way that patients can access cannabinoids is through oral injection, ingestion |
|
| 34:18 | tinctures and through gummies. Um And when doctors recommend any medicine or any |
|
| 34:27 | ingredient, for example, like T C, they say stark low goes |
|
| 34:32 | , start low. You wanna start a low dose, go slow. |
|
| 34:35 | means weight. What is the reaction that drug on whatever condition you're |
|
| 34:41 | a lot of the drugs that you will have a delayed fat. You |
|
| 34:46 | ibuprofen and you don't expect for your to be gone in two seconds. |
|
| 34:51 | know that you have to put up it for another 10, 15, |
|
| 34:55 | minutes and maybe it's gonna help or a little or help a lot in |
|
| 34:59 | cases it completely. So the, , there's a delayed effect with ingestion |
|
| 35:06 | we have an hour to two Once that effect starts happening through the |
|
| 35:13 | uh the digestive system, the effect prolonged 68 hours from ingesting it. |
|
| 35:19 | T H C gets oxidized in the . It's called a secondary metabolite, |
|
| 35:24 | liver metabolite called 11 0 H or 08 T H C which also has |
|
| 35:30 | strong intoxicating effect. So, in drug, remember, we talked about |
|
| 35:36 | figgy and I said Charlotte figi was anti seizure drugs that were targeting Gaba |
|
| 35:43 | and that's where ethanol binds. So seizures were still not being controlled and |
|
| 35:49 | was like drunk, walking around basically a drunk person in the middle of |
|
| 35:55 | day, a child. So that's you have to take this into effect |
|
| 35:59 | a lot of active ingredients and drugs have a medicinal effect, stop |
|
| 36:05 | but also will cause you to feel . In this case, T H |
|
| 36:10 | can have a medicinal effect in stopping or stopping spasms or something like that |
|
| 36:15 | stopping seizure. But in the case T H C, not CV D |
|
| 36:20 | T H C, it will also a higher intoxicating your. And if |
|
| 36:25 | do it through the ingestion, it's double whammy because you're getting intoxication from |
|
| 36:30 | nine T H C that you consumed half an hour or so. And |
|
| 36:34 | getting a secondary intoxication by the metabolite is produced in your body. And |
|
| 36:40 | where the problems come in. Also guns, most of all cannabis companies |
|
| 36:44 | are highly responsible, making them look little, you know, sponge bob |
|
| 36:49 | pants and things like that, you , packaging which, you know, |
|
| 36:52 | don't see that with alcohol, you , moonshine is typically not sitting in |
|
| 36:57 | little juice squirt like looking bottle. know, the kids would grab on |
|
| 37:02 | way out to, to their So that's, that's irresponsible. The |
|
| 37:07 | thing is that they get left around most of the poisonings in Children is |
|
| 37:14 | these kind of products that are left . So little kids typically can't roll |
|
| 37:18 | joint but they can grab a gummy the table top, it's not stored |
|
| 37:24 | . They get poisoning, they they get rushed to the hospital, |
|
| 37:30 | clean out their stomachs, typically go to school the following day, but |
|
| 37:34 | a really traumatic experience because they don't what's really going on, what they |
|
| 37:39 | because they just ate something that was vitamin, they thought, you |
|
| 37:43 | so there's a lot of cases like , it's negative effects that are coming |
|
| 37:48 | . The other thing is adults, impatience of adults, they may have |
|
| 37:53 | with cannabis, they may have consumed or smoked it and they smoked it |
|
| 37:57 | and the effects are not on the . And Denver, Colorado, |
|
| 38:01 | Washington. You name it. One the big states. We have a |
|
| 38:06 | of dispensaries, robust programs for medical recreational. One of the most favorite |
|
| 38:11 | , uh, keywords for Google is the nearest dispensary to the airport? |
|
| 38:16 | you go to the dispensary and pick a pack and they get back in |
|
| 38:21 | with their friend on the way to conference and they pop the pack and |
|
| 38:26 | gummy and they're sitting in the cab you feel anything five minutes, 10 |
|
| 38:30 | like no, I don't. dude, let's take another one, |
|
| 38:33 | know, so take another one and then what happens another 15, |
|
| 38:38 | minutes? You're already feeling the onset this another little bit later. You're |
|
| 38:43 | the secondary effect and you just added on top and that's when people, |
|
| 38:47 | , I have to stay in the room tonight. You know, I |
|
| 38:50 | do much. I couldn't attend the . So just knowing all of these |
|
| 38:54 | is important, it's related to anything you consume, anything that you |
|
| 38:58 | But knowing this is important because this very prevalent surrounds us and many different |
|
| 39:04 | around the world. Another way that like to deliver cannabinoids is topical |
|
| 39:09 | There are CD, one CD, receptors in the nerve endings that we |
|
| 39:14 | . But that means you have to through the skin. So it has |
|
| 39:18 | be transformed. So there are a of T H C or CBD creams |
|
| 39:22 | things like that. You know, of all, they would claim |
|
| 39:25 | you know, they make your skin and look look beautiful. We don't |
|
| 39:29 | about that. They may interact with B one receptor CV two receptors, |
|
| 39:32 | only if they cross. So cream not equal to cream, you |
|
| 39:37 | and I explained yesterday that there are like l'oreal lanco and you know, |
|
| 39:44 | Acid, Eva Longoria and you how much they should get paid to |
|
| 39:49 | Hyaluronic acid on TV, millions of . How much are they paying 20 |
|
| 39:54 | to run around to make sure that newest preparation with Hyaluronic acid is going |
|
| 39:58 | be even more effective, even a penetration rate, longer lasting, you |
|
| 40:04 | , higher sheen on the skin, of this, you know, |
|
| 40:08 | huge serious industries and a lot of is not present in medical cannabis |
|
| 40:15 | So if you have those developments in pharmaceutical world or in a really |
|
| 40:20 | you know, well funded cosmetics world over the counter world for creams |
|
| 40:25 | that level of uh uh sophistication, level of funding and that level of |
|
| 40:32 | is not present yet at the state medical cannabis programs. So now, |
|
| 40:39 | inhalation and suppositories are the best way get active ingredients, especially if you |
|
| 40:48 | to get them into the brain and the digestion of the table. We're |
|
| 40:53 | here. So we want to get into the brain in the absence of |
|
| 40:57 | into the nose to get into the . We're gonna think about sublingual |
|
| 41:03 | We're gonna think about inhalation preparations which be both combustion, which is smoking |
|
| 41:11 | vaporization, which is heating. The is when you heat plant matter like |
|
| 41:21 | like mint like basil, whatever at point it ignites, it starts combusting |
|
| 41:30 | that is called smoking. So when , when the cigarette is lit |
|
| 41:35 | it's smoking, it's combusting. But vaporization and in very smart medical |
|
| 41:42 | the temperature can be controlled. Combustion typically 400 centigrade and above in smart |
|
| 41:48 | devices including in cannabinoid delivery devices in that are approved for use in the |
|
| 41:55 | in Israel. There are deliveries that no heat or use very low heat |
|
| 42:00 | a lot of active ingredients like phyto that we're talking about and other volatile |
|
| 42:06 | like tapes that we talked about when talked about olfaction that are present in |
|
| 42:11 | plant as well, they will evaporate much lower temperatures than 400 centimeters. |
|
| 42:17 | they will have operated 253 103 They never reached that combustion temperature. |
|
| 42:25 | . But why is it effective? inhalation goes into the lungs and then |
|
| 42:29 | there into the blood stream and there a quick delivery then into the brain |
|
| 42:35 | the blood brain barrier, these So the blood brain barrier, soluble |
|
| 42:40 | and cannabinoids. And that's an effective . The same with suppositories, anal |
|
| 42:46 | vaginal suppositories because there's a lot of uh uh uh and blood vessels around |
|
| 42:56 | areas and placing it, suppository gives absorption into the blood there, |
|
| 43:06 | If you put something from the it drops into the digestive system, |
|
| 43:10 | not from the other way around, the bottom. So there it goes |
|
| 43:14 | into the blood. Again, it a very effective way of delivering |
|
| 43:19 | It's unpleasant. People don't like to it. And for the most |
|
| 43:24 | it's uh also if you want to it into the blood, it's a |
|
| 43:27 | effective way of doing it. So slide is what I call cannabis one |
|
| 43:33 | one. And this slide hopefully will your question about why synthetic cannabinoids have |
|
| 43:39 | stronger effect, uh which is not the case with pharmaceutical synthetic cannabinoids, |
|
| 43:46 | it's definitely the case with illegal synthetic or semi illegal synthetic annoys. So |
|
| 43:52 | one oh one, what is cannabis ? Cannabis plant is a variety of |
|
| 43:57 | plants. It is typically described as , sativa, cannabis indica, cannabis |
|
| 44:03 | dual. Most of the plants have interbred and most of them are hybrids |
|
| 44:09 | all of these different sativas and And there's a new system that is |
|
| 44:15 | developed, type one, type type three and that's based on the |
|
| 44:18 | of CBD and T H C. for now, federally in the United |
|
| 44:24 | , what we have legal federally is or industrial hemp. And the regulator |
|
| 44:31 | that hemp that typical is grown is plans, but they don't have to |
|
| 44:36 | , the stocks are being used, leaves are being used, the males |
|
| 44:40 | being grown male plants because male plants seeds. Ok? And the regulator |
|
| 44:48 | that the level of T H C this finished plant matter, harvest of |
|
| 44:52 | matter shouldn't exceed 0.3% of T F . 0.3% is three mg per |
|
| 45:01 | So magical talent with gummy can be 5 mg 10 mg, uh Marinol |
|
| 45:09 | was 2.5 mg of T DC. even here, you have low levels |
|
| 45:15 | C Delta nine C. But uh European countries said it's gonna be 0.2% |
|
| 45:23 | then the Italians came and said it's be 0.6%. And then the Swiss |
|
| 45:29 | the Czech said is gonna be So is there a cut-off in T |
|
| 45:36 | C that distinguishes low T H C industrial harm plants from medical marijuana |
|
| 45:44 | No, who determines the cut-off. in Italy. They think it's 0.6 |
|
| 45:51 | , they think it's 0.3. Czech would think. They think it's |
|
| 45:56 | And that's also different what it is the plant versus what it is in |
|
| 46:00 | food. You know, it would different regulations of the consumption of Canada's |
|
| 46:04 | and CBD products in different states and countries that are also regulated. So |
|
| 46:09 | pretty complicated. Now, I T C, Canada is typically, it's |
|
| 46:13 | plants that are grown to be shorter stockier with really large flowers. They're |
|
| 46:18 | cola or buds and contain up to T H C, uh 36% T |
|
| 46:25 | C by weight. That's a But this is a genetic cut off |
|
| 46:30 | the plant has to do something else just have T H C. It |
|
| 46:33 | to have leaves, it has to stems and it has to have |
|
| 46:36 | It does a lot of other things it to survive. So these are |
|
| 46:42 | T H C preparations. There are state regulated medical or adult use programs |
|
| 46:48 | country nationally regulated is in Canada and . This is very different from synthetic |
|
| 46:54 | street phenomenons. Synthetic was seeking out as a synthesized molecules. Right |
|
| 47:02 | There is a different kind of a that we have is because a lot |
|
| 47:06 | CV D products are being converted into eight T H C delta 10 T |
|
| 47:15 | C hex A hydro canal H H and this is done from the natural |
|
| 47:25 | . So the precursor could be natural CBD, but to turn CBD into |
|
| 47:30 | A or delta 10 or H H . Another cannabinoid, it's semisynthetic |
|
| 47:36 | You're using a different uh potentially unapproved definitely non-standardized acid wash and things like |
|
| 47:45 | to, to change the chemical structure CBD into these other molecules move the |
|
| 47:51 | bomb around. So those are semi and they're present in the stores |
|
| 47:55 | And the reason why you will see A delta 10 is sold here and |
|
| 48:00 | of these different cannabinoids in the Vape or the smoke shops is because the |
|
| 48:06 | u government approved Delta 90 C under Hump farm bill federally. But a |
|
| 48:15 | of manufacturers said, oh, we'll just, you know, they |
|
| 48:19 | say anything about Delta eight or Delta . So we'll stuff the gummies. |
|
| 48:23 | , CV D wasn't selling very So they said we're gonna convert and |
|
| 48:28 | the gummies with Delta eight and Dave 10 here is the issue with all |
|
| 48:33 | these semi synthetics is that we don't their binding properties to the receptors. |
|
| 48:40 | don't know much about their medicinal but we don't know, we only |
|
| 48:45 | anecdotally and only recently all sorts of . You know, when people |
|
| 48:49 | oh, I didn't do much to . I didn't feel my legs for |
|
| 48:52 | hours, you know, and things that. So now, maybe I'll |
|
| 48:56 | to your question in a second if don't mind. But, and before |
|
| 49:01 | was on the market, which this , this is new. This is |
|
| 49:04 | only a year ago or so, , these just popped up. It |
|
| 49:07 | very popular, those same smoke shops these chops carried real synthetic cannabinoids that |
|
| 49:14 | not have natural precursor that was simply from chemicals into this white looking powder |
|
| 49:21 | placed typically on some plant matter, mt whatever uh placed in packets, |
|
| 49:31 | with us. Coach spies different variations it. The regulators were chasing |
|
| 49:36 | They were available on these uh shady that were available also in the parks |
|
| 49:40 | on the streets, people peddling them drug dealers. Now when T H |
|
| 49:46 | . But if the cannabinoids bind to receptors, there are a lot of |
|
| 49:51 | are partials, which means that they that receptor will stick to activate protein |
|
| 49:58 | dissociate it degraded and the cyclo can repeat. But with the long |
|
| 50:05 | especially these full synthetic an they can what we call full agos, which |
|
| 50:13 | it will bind and they will stick that and then we'll stick to it |
|
| 50:19 | seven days, two weeks. So binding properties and the fact of how |
|
| 50:26 | binds and how it dissociates is very affected. And most of the natural |
|
| 50:32 | , they seem to have a half of like I indicated through ingestion about |
|
| 50:36 | to 8 hours through inhalation, probably to 4 hour half life. But |
|
| 50:42 | synthetics, we don't know their half , we don't know their degradation because |
|
| 50:48 | enzymes have to degrade these molecules. if it's something that is simular to |
|
| 50:53 | molecule or something that is natural, it's easier to degrade. But certain |
|
| 50:58 | and certain formulations become very hard to . So there might be an accumulation |
|
| 51:03 | them in the brain again causing almost a chronic or long term effect on |
|
| 51:09 | transmission. It's not the plasticity or to psychosis. So, synthetic cannabinoids |
|
| 51:15 | dangerous. It can lead to schizophrenia psychosis from just a one or two |
|
| 51:20 | uses because the both the doses are defined and regulated. So luckily that's |
|
| 51:26 | of a going away, but it's replaced with this mild or semisynthetic form |
|
| 51:31 | cannabinoids, which I believe will be fairly soon too. Do you have |
|
| 51:37 | question? I was just, I like I was like, yeah, |
|
| 51:45 | , so, so this is, is a, this is another great |
|
| 51:48 | . Um uh Why is cannabis not ? And why is fentaNYL number |
|
| 51:58 | So cannabinoid receptors, you'll find them brains C B receptors, but they're |
|
| 52:04 | areas like areas they're in areas that nucleus solita that control nausea, that |
|
| 52:12 | vomiting opioid receptors. You'll find them brains stone, but in the nuclei |
|
| 52:20 | the regions that control vital body breathing and heart rate. Number |
|
| 52:27 | So the location of the receptors and structures of the brain as you're learning |
|
| 52:31 | this course. So what are different in the brain are doing what they're |
|
| 52:35 | for? So, in this opiate receptors in the structures that control |
|
| 52:40 | body functions. Number one, number , it's uh the dynamic of the |
|
| 52:48 | and dynamics of any chemical system or system. The best analogy that I |
|
| 52:54 | use is the following with opiates. this is not just with fentaNYL, |
|
| 52:58 | with prescription opiates, there's an effective , an effective dose. I don't |
|
| 53:04 | what exactly it is for different But let's say an effective dose is |
|
| 53:08 | to 2 mg. The fact of for opiates, why do people take |
|
| 53:12 | because they have pain and the painkillers work and they take a lot of |
|
| 53:18 | and, and still don't work. so they go to opiates. So |
|
| 53:23 | mg is the fact that those which it alleviates the pain, partially half |
|
| 53:29 | . It depends. But a lot people that are taking opioid treatments, |
|
| 53:34 | will have pumps and their pumps are and they push the palm and it |
|
| 53:40 | them another dose of opiates, they again, gives you another dose of |
|
| 53:45 | or you don't see very well. instead of that one tablet, you |
|
| 53:51 | it four. And for opiates, 45 times higher dose of the effective |
|
| 53:59 | is a lethal dose. So it's a rubber band. But that rubber |
|
| 54:04 | , you can only stretch it this and it breaks with cannabinoids and phyto |
|
| 54:13 | . This dynamic range is huge. the effective dose, let's say let's |
|
| 54:19 | crude. And let's say for uh experiences a joint is an effective dose |
|
| 54:26 | alleviate their pain, of course. but also get high, let's say |
|
| 54:31 | an effective doses of joint to reach lethal dose, you would have to |
|
| 54:37 | about 1000 joints in about 15 And I always say that not even |
|
| 54:44 | doggy dog, you can do So that's why they, you can |
|
| 54:50 | , you can pass out, it negative effects on people that are pro |
|
| 54:58 | that have depression of certain molecules intoxicating . Ultimate T H C is not |
|
| 55:04 | . Other cannabinoids may be. But , so this system has a huge |
|
| 55:10 | range from effective those being here to dose that you cannot even reach. |
|
| 55:15 | like this rubber band that you stretch stays down until we let it go |
|
| 55:19 | see it comes back, you So, so those are great. |
|
| 55:24 | . What, what causes like how you get addicted to, to something |
|
| 55:28 | opioids? Like what causes that Wow, I'm not gonna get into |
|
| 55:36 | because it's such a complicated subject There's so many different aspects. There's |
|
| 55:44 | receptor aspect, there is emotional, is a societal aspect, econo socioeconomic |
|
| 55:51 | , it's like all sorts of stuff addiction. Now in general is cannabis |
|
| 55:59 | . Uh it's likely addictive. So in 10, 1 in 11 people |
|
| 56:03 | have cannabis use disorder with opiates. more, it's way more addictive, |
|
| 56:09 | uh you know, we don't have to go into it. And then |
|
| 56:13 | colleagues like in psychology and I will you shouldn't talk about that. That's |
|
| 56:16 | course. You know, I can about the problem of addiction and how |
|
| 56:20 | deal with it. And also different uh uh substances that a person can |
|
| 56:27 | addicted to and go about their life not or die, right? If |
|
| 56:36 | addicted to alcohol, uh you you know, you have difficult |
|
| 56:44 | your opioids, crystal, nothing. lot of people end up on the |
|
| 56:50 | . It's a very difficult time. nonfunctional member of the society. |
|
| 56:55 | No. Um, caffeine, no . Right. But stop drinking coffee |
|
| 57:04 | now tomorrow. Never. Don't drink again. You'll be like, wait |
|
| 57:07 | second. I want coffee. I , it's not like you're gonna have |
|
| 57:11 | or sweat at night thinking about So, withdrawal symptoms may be different |
|
| 57:16 | this is also about withdrawal. That's I don't want to get into |
|
| 57:19 | It's really complicated, you know. but uh so it, it |
|
| 57:26 | it all depends what kind of substance so addiction is so complicated, but |
|
| 57:31 | is a cannabis use disorder and there some famous people that use cannabis daily |
|
| 57:39 | the time. Snoop doggy dog, seems to be pretty well set in |
|
| 57:44 | with whatever he's doing right. Uh are business people, there are these |
|
| 57:50 | publicly traded cannabis companies that make billion revenues run by executives that smoke and |
|
| 57:56 | cannabis, not just smoke, they it in different ways. Uh And |
|
| 58:01 | know, they have 500 employees and and reporting to the federal agencies on |
|
| 58:07 | stocks and shares and all of So this is a little different but |
|
| 58:12 | don't see, you know, opiate pharmaceutical companies, the CEO S running |
|
| 58:19 | with opioid pumps, you know, just, that's just, is just |
|
| 58:23 | possible. It something that you'll see people that run uh wineries, for |
|
| 58:29 | , there is a certain level with tolerance and addiction where you can operate |
|
| 58:34 | , you know, have maybe you to use it every day, but |
|
| 58:38 | , you know, you, you're addicted. I don't know how to |
|
| 58:42 | this. I'm not into, I'm you, the psychology professors would be |
|
| 58:48 | , stop, tell them to take course. Well, you think about |
|
| 58:53 | , I want you to think about plant in general and this plant has |
|
| 58:57 | many different uses. This is what's unique about this plant. This is |
|
| 59:02 | the special interests hated it. So you were producing lumber in the thirties |
|
| 59:08 | forties and you were making paper hemp regrow 16 18 ft tall every |
|
| 59:15 | every season, the trees will So what's the threat to your lumber |
|
| 59:21 | paper industry, hemp? So, interests that grants lumber would like to |
|
| 59:27 | production of hemp. These tall plants seeds have a lot of essential fatty |
|
| 59:35 | . So, omega three and omega from the stems that have a lot |
|
| 59:41 | cellulose and stems have highly conduct materials are even more conductive than graphene. |
|
| 59:47 | they can be used for construction. can be used for installation. So |
|
| 59:51 | can build hemp houses and it's a good installation material for the houses too |
|
| 59:58 | doesn't combust easily. Ok. Um sprouts will have this interesting molecule can |
|
| 60:07 | in a, when you go to grocery store. I always say you |
|
| 60:11 | buy a big bag of potatoes for bucks or you can go to the |
|
| 60:17 | and micro granic section and get some sprout, little Packett or some other |
|
| 60:25 | sprouts or something for uh maybe 8 for a little packet. Uh And |
|
| 60:33 | because a lot of seedlings and a of sprouts will contain very high levels |
|
| 60:39 | enzymes. So they will be super in certain certain molecules and certain enzymes |
|
| 60:46 | this stage of growth. So sometimes more beneficial to be a sprout more |
|
| 60:51 | than to eat a one mature plant get that same one enzyme. So |
|
| 60:57 | I I and uh cannabinoids, CBD H C and the third major cannabinoid |
|
| 61:05 | talk about in a minute C B . And in fact, there are |
|
| 61:10 | versions are produced in these uh glandular on cannabis, flowers and cannabis |
|
| 61:20 | But a lot of times people will that uh cannabis has 1000 uses. |
|
| 61:27 | I use them seed oil on my . It has a great ratio of |
|
| 61:31 | three, omega six. It has of the best protein uh amount in |
|
| 61:37 | seeds. So stop buying we which animal derived if you're working out and |
|
| 61:45 | muscles and try hemp seed protein powder the hemp seed powder, trust |
|
| 61:51 | it's nutty, it's tasty and it need like vanilla or something. It |
|
| 61:57 | better than vanilla, but you should it. So has high level of |
|
| 62:03 | , very nutritious chia hemp seeds and seeds, probably some of the best |
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| 62:09 | in the world from as far as know, nutrition aspects. Uh and |
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| 62:13 | omega three and omega six. Olive is another great source. And I |
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| 62:18 | , I see all that oil food is medicine. Um This is |
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| 62:27 | anatomy where you have female flowers that'll these cola uh here and you will |
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| 62:35 | the trico that are translucent that have , you zoom into the trico. |
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| 62:40 | have this mushroom like stem like appear it has its own, very sophisticated |
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| 62:49 | cellular machinery. How does that Uh It has a very sophisticated cellular |
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| 63:00 | and this central metabolite droplet on top contain cannabinoids and the aromatic Turpin |
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| 63:09 | And you'll have a lot of cannabinoid here in the disc cells, you'll |
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| 63:13 | pers cannabinoid intermediaries and presyn faces that synthesize C B G A CBD A |
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| 63:23 | T H C A, Doctor T C A mole. So the three |
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| 63:32 | cannabinoids that are produced by the plant not CBD C B G or T |
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| 63:39 | C, but it's CD G A is the mother of CV G A |
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| 63:47 | the mother of T H C So cannabis plant doesn't produce T H |
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| 63:55 | , it produces T H C So now we have United States government |
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| 64:01 | this poor plant on schedule one, it has T H C. It's |
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| 64:07 | in schedule one and doesn't have DH and that's DH C A oops, |
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| 64:12 | when the scientists are not involved in processes and cannot explain it, |
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| 64:16 | So how does, and what is difference between T H C and T |
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| 64:19 | C T H C A is So if you eat raw T H |
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| 64:24 | A raw can plant to eat it heating it or any other way of |
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| 64:31 | it or boiling it or whatever your get high. So it produces DH |
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| 64:40 | A but with heating or decarboxylate taking the C L O H A carboxyl |
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| 64:45 | , it turns into a neutral canna C C B G A into C |
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| 64:48 | G CD D A to CBD. look at how these three major, |
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| 64:55 | are they major cannabis because they are prevalent in cannabis plant. There's a |
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| 65:01 | of CBD in hemp, there's a of T H C in, in |
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| 65:04 | cannabis plants. Uh and there's C G also, which is their |
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| 65:12 | A lot of it in most of cannabis plants at a different growth |
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| 65:17 | So now they're major, but they're the only ones. There's a lot |
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| 65:23 | different phyto cannabis, as I over 100 but they're major ones, |
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| 65:28 | also present in the plant. They're the major ones because they're the major |
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| 65:31 | on the market. So through the programs, there's a lot of |
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| 65:36 | And through medical cannabis programs, it's focused on, unfortunately, delta no |
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| 65:41 | H C but there's also C B and a number of other cannabis as |
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| 65:46 | . And remember we talked about how and phyto cannabinoids can interact with the |
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| 65:53 | U receptors. So let's look at these three major phyto cannabinoids interact with |
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| 66:00 | C B one receptor. So T C is an agonist to C B |
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| 66:06 | receptor that means it's going to activate . One cause the closure of calcium |
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| 66:13 | regulate neurotransmitter release. CBD is what call negative allosteric modulator and it will |
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| 66:23 | bind to CV one receptors, but will dampen activity to CV one |
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| 66:31 | So if it was in the presence TV, C C T C would |
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| 66:36 | CV one receptors. Her mouth is of a problem. Cascade CBD would |
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| 66:42 | a stimulation and C B G is antagonist CV one or something. |
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| 66:48 | C B G will antagonize C P receptor. Therefore, it will not |
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| 66:55 | an effect of neuro transmitter. And why things with cannabinoids and cannabis are |
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| 67:02 | complicated. Even just looking at single receptor target like C P one |
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| 67:09 | for example, prefers to bind to receptors. So it has higher binding |
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| 67:14 | to serotonin receptors than cannabinoid receptors. that means that besides binding to cannabinoid |
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| 67:21 | , these three major phyto cannabinoids can interact with other neurochemical and receptor systems |
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| 67:29 | the brain. So, what do know about these three major phyto |
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| 67:37 | Well, there's a lot of positive medicinally that we know from T H |
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| 67:42 | CBD. Some of it is only or merging with C B G, |
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| 67:49 | there's some negative effects as well. what does this mean psychotropic high effect |
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| 67:56 | ? It's too high but it also an Panter neuroprotective analgesic appetite stimulation, |
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| 68:02 | and anti cancer problems. Does that there are all of these medications with |
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| 68:06 | with T H C and all of now? But it has been reported |
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| 68:13 | affected and hasn't been taken through the trials and proved to be a pharmaceutical |
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| 68:19 | like this, two other drugs I . So they're still staying in a |
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| 68:25 | of Explorer studies. But when you a medical program, that means you |
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| 68:33 | a supervising medical physician that is working you adult use or recreational is another |
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| 68:40 | . Uh, there's no regulation there certain states. If you're a certain |
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| 68:44 | , it's up to you. if you wanna get drunk on |
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| 68:47 | get drunk on alcohol. If you pass out on gummies and pass out |
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| 68:50 | gummies, you know, but for use, it's with the supervision of |
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| 68:55 | doctor and they will decide what what product you may want to |
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| 69:01 | And they'll be more knowledgeable about the on these cannabinoids and clinical literature and |
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| 69:06 | on these cannabinoids. It doesn't mean there are all of these uh approved |
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| 69:12 | and regimens that exist. So this kind of a trial and error just |
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| 69:16 | a neurologist would do with the seizure using pharmaceutical anti seizure medications. As |
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| 69:22 | saw with Charlotte piggy, she used cocktail of medications and was still having |
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| 69:27 | seizures a day. So now is to T H C anxiety and panic |
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| 69:34 | , just like from the very early of isolated T H C, increase |
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| 69:38 | heart rate, low rate of addiction dependency. It's used, it's called |
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| 69:42 | use disorder. And when people consume levels of T H C or concentrated |
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| 69:48 | H C preparations. They can experience is called hyper syndrome. Vomiting, |
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| 69:53 | coughing, really painful in the inability to swallow as they eat |
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| 70:00 | Uh sometimes requiring hospitalization, sometimes a shower because it interacts through these uh |
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| 70:08 | R P receptors that are also temperature . So, cannabidiol is the |
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| 70:14 | So if T H C can be psychotic eventually, right, can induce |
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| 70:21 | and panic attacks and CD detains these and panic attacks. So again, |
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| 70:28 | neurologist, you in our cases, , your physician and his oncologist will |
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| 70:33 | benefits versus harms. Can this person and smoke this product? Can they |
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| 70:40 | ingest it? Is it gonna cause too high? What's the benefit? |
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| 70:45 | their metabolism and all of that is be taken into consideration? But CBD |
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| 70:52 | much, much safer and as far having any negative or side effects, |
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| 70:56 | has only mild side effects, drowsiness and digestion and, and many |
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| 71:02 | clinical trials, patients that are taking and clinical trials, very low percentage |
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| 71:07 | them exit out of the trials, means that they can tolerate some of |
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| 71:11 | mild side effects. But it's mostly approved as an or anti session of |
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| 71:19 | . But it has been shown to all of these other properties from aioli |
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| 71:24 | analgesic to neuroprotective properties and antipsychotic C B G is a CV one |
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| 71:32 | antagonist and there's expe experiential reports. will buy this the best counteract negative |
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| 71:39 | of T F C because mechanistically T C is an agonist and CBD is |
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| 71:44 | antagonist. And as far as other , anxiety, sleep or energizing effect |
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| 71:49 | C B G that is still all for grabs and for determination. But |
|
| 71:56 | , in this country, we still have this synthetic Delta nine G C |
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| 72:00 | pharmaceutical preparations. And this 10% can a dial preparation for uh seizure, |
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| 72:07 | , seizure medication for Dr syndrome. uh the fact of the matter is |
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| 72:14 | we need a lot of these Which ones of these are gonna be |
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| 72:18 | to cancer, which ones are gonna stopping just nausea versus stopping the growth |
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| 72:24 | the cancer tissue in the brain, example, right? So we need |
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| 72:29 | of these answers. We need to in this middle layer. And I'm |
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| 72:32 | the only person that uh believes that a lot of therapeutic applications of |
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| 72:38 | This is the last slide I'm gonna you today. And uh this is |
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| 72:44 | paper that was published by the National of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine, |
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| 72:50 | health effects of cannabis and canna. got together the over 100 smartest |
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| 72:56 | scientists and medical doctors and said go there, search all the literature, |
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| 73:01 | everything clinical trials and tell us is really bad stuff or is there any |
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| 73:08 | stuff? And so they determine that conclusive or substantial evidence of cannabis or |
|
| 73:13 | . Its cannabis, cannabis plant canals effective for the treatment of chronic pain |
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| 73:20 | and the treatment of chemotherapy induced nausea vomiting. For improving patient reported multiple |
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| 73:26 | plasticity symptoms, oral anatomies, moderate on short term sleep, Apne |
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| 73:32 | apnea, fibromyalgia, chronic pain, that's limited evidence on many things, |
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| 73:38 | evidence of more things, limited evidence more things. So we need to |
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| 73:42 | in this gap. And I always that it would be really nice as |
|
| 73:47 | , we can study and order chemicals we can order chemicals that are schedule |
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| 73:51 | chemicals, even cannabinoid from different pharmaceutical . But what's really difficult has been |
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| 73:58 | difficult and it has been made very by the government is to study the |
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| 74:01 | cannabis plant, the extracts from this or the products that are in thousands |
|
| 74:06 | the dispensaries around the country. It's a closed channel. This is here |
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| 74:11 | this is here and the bridge doesn't from the dispenser into the university or |
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| 74:18 | the clinics. And I think that is very necessary if there's gonna be |
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| 74:23 | medicinal uh and scientific applications for specific conditions of those different formulations made from |
|
| 74:32 | . So I'll stop here and we'll on Monday to continue and finish talking |
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| 74:39 | cannabinoids. A couple of slides. This is a good slide. Tomorrow |
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| 74:45 | 4 20. today's 4 19, see everyone on |
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