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GEOL6363 Carbonate Sedimentalogy - Day6 09-11-2021-Part2
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00:04 Yeah. Yeah. Okay. Are conventional play type high term a platform
00:14 carbonate. And these are isolated reef that were originally linked to a platform
00:23 reef complex along this margin here and . What happened to those reefs?
00:27 got drowned out, right? Or level dropped first to kill them off
00:31 then you re flooded. But usually uh you drown them out.
00:38 The reefs are too deep to So what happens to those organisms?
00:42 want to shift back up onto the carbonate platform and find preexisting paleo
00:49 So as paleo highs could be subtle highs or they could be paleo topography
00:54 to that previous de positional cycle, another reef or something like that.
00:59 right. So that's the general setting this kind of play development. And
01:04 you're up on a carbonate platform, substance rate should not be that
01:08 Right. So these reefs typically can't vertically a lot. They do more
01:14 this. Right. So they typically a greater extent, areal extent,
01:20 not a lot of vertical thickness. if they get more than a few
01:22 ft thick, that's that's considered to pretty good typically. Alright.
01:31 Let me get rid of this. , this is the model. You
01:39 . Typically these things evolved into an complex. Right? With briefs on
01:44 margin. The better reef development on winter facing side. Not as good
01:48 reef development on the leeward side for reasons we've talked about that. This
01:52 a scale relationship you typically see? . And uh the beauty of this
02:01 type is that eventually these risk it first in their own debris. But
02:08 eventually they get drowned out as well they get encased in either deepwater carbonates
02:12 deep water or shale. So you up with excellent strata, graphic trapping
02:17 and good. What we call four closure where every side is completely sealed
02:21 . All right. And we have number of modern analog for this,
02:26 that we've talked about. But the schematic model is, is
02:31 you know, the better reef developments occur on the when we're facing side
02:35 . So you want to pay attention your paleo geography and no, if
02:38 in a stronger easterly paleo, trade system or gent more general. But
02:45 , you expect better reef on this . You expect the lagoon uh dotted
02:50 small scale patris. The sediment in lagoon is gonna be dependent on the
02:55 of the trade winds and how deep water is. So if it's deeper
02:59 so weaker wind system, it's going be more MMA, critic. If
03:03 shallow and energetic wind is probably going be grain stone. And then what
03:08 you get off the leeward sides? talked about the shedding right shot in
03:11 back relationship, you don't expect to good reef margin developed on this
03:16 right here. Okay. And we about some of these modern analog,
03:20 showed you the example from beliefs comparable to what we're going to talk about
03:25 the rock record in terms of areal . Not the vertical sickness yet,
03:32 but you see the central lagoons the reach dominated margins. And then
03:36 took you to the great barrier reef I showed you the same kind of
03:40 , but in higher energy. And did we do? We stripped off
03:43 the Mc. Right, right. the lagoons were all sandy carbonate
03:47 So that's something you want to be about in the rock record. So
03:52 most, excuse me, the most example of this play type is uh
04:02 reservoir called judy Creek. And judy sits right in the middle of Alberta
04:10 that sits on a broad carbonate Called the swan hills, platform and
04:16 . There was platform margin reef development this side over here. Which makes
04:20 . Right, that's the western side respect to the prevailing winds. So
04:24 actually to producing oil fields over here called house mountain. And one is
04:28 Deer Mountain. And then what They got drowned out. You got
04:32 relative rise to see a little fast to drown out the reefs.
04:36 And so what what did you What do those organisms do?
04:40 they moved back and they found paleo up in the platform. So every
04:44 blob you see here is a isolated , mound carbonate with reef margins and
04:51 one of these is productive. And judy creek is the most famous
04:56 of the detail that went into the of that reservoir. Alright. And
05:01 not going to talk about it now this is my case study next
05:05 So I will take you through the to show you how they built the
05:08 model. Okay, this is winning again and I'm gonna give you some
05:13 sections. I mean I posted the sections on blackboard. I may actually
05:18 you some physical paper cross sections if want them. And we can look
05:23 those and talk about them. But you can see why this works so
05:27 . Right. We back step from margin Up onto a subtle Paleo topographic
05:33 . These risks of all the thick of a couple 100 ft but then
05:38 get encased in the deepwater waterways This is lime mud stone that provides
05:43 effective top seal. All right, we'll talk about that in more
05:49 What I like to do now is you some examples from the cretaceous
05:54 Show you how we better explain the of these play types because there are
05:59 never made any sense based on the bahama models that we talked about.
06:05 uh I also want to show you how we use the geology to prove
06:09 trade wind influences. Okay. The ones were an important part of the
06:14 and distribution of these play types. , I'm going to show you two
06:19 from the northern gulf rim here. uh the first one is going to
06:24 in the Sligo lower most cretaceous. the second one is going to be
06:29 a little bit younger. And what's the James limestone. So it's a
06:34 above the Sligo. Alright, separated shale. And look look at our
06:40 setting here. This is a map lower cretaceous paleo geography. There's a
06:44 gulf basin, right there was Golden we just talked about over here.
06:49 reef trend would be up here. you can see where we're at.
06:53 , we're about 15° north of the . That puts us in the heart
06:57 of the strong easterly trade wind All right. And so we're going
07:01 first talk about the Sligo formation, is the oldest of the cretaceous sequences
07:07 in the northern gulf rim. And that's going to be a field called
07:12 Lakefield. And then I'm going to you to the James limestone, which
07:17 part of the Pearsall formation and these are separated from the Sligo by a
07:23 event called the Pine Island shale. , so you saw this map yesterday
07:30 I showed you Vivian field, remember little field up here that sat behind
07:34 Catto pied island structure. All well Black Lakefield is a platform mound
07:42 and look how far back it is the open ocean again. Again,
07:46 you look at the scale here, about 100 km in from the open
07:51 . And so you're gonna see based the composition of this reservoir that it
07:57 be there. Okay, If it driven by northern Bahamian oceanic influences,
08:02 ? Because oceanic influences, oceanic swells tidal currents are confined to the platform
08:09 and they dissipate back here. But Black Lake Fields sitting out here in
08:13 middle of a deeper drowned carbonate All right. So, it's low
08:19 carbonate back here. Except right Right. And Black Lakefield is there
08:24 it takes advantage of paleo topography related salt tectonics. All right.
08:29 here's uh, here's another map There's the main reef trend. These
08:34 Sturm it operated. And coral reefs productive because they're limestone and they're buried
08:41 , ft of burial. So, porosity preservation. And then here's Black
08:46 Field. Right. This little football thing and pink is sitting on a
08:51 structure. Right. And so this is the only one that they
08:56 back here in this setting. All . No, This is an old
09:02 , published back in 1971, Leo was a professor at Louisiana tech and
09:07 outside of uh, outside Shreveport. I never met Dr Herman.
09:14 I don't know the rationale for for this map, but I can sort
09:20 understand what he was trying to do . He was trying to explain how
09:23 get this high energy reef that far and up on the platform. And
09:27 he just had the reef try and a left hand turn, you
09:31 sort of like creating a payment and bring it back out like this.
09:34 right. But I've talked to people discovered Black Lakefield. They said there's
09:38 no no evidence for what he drew . All right. Nobody knows why
09:44 drew it like you drew it But so what's the key observation for
09:51 Lakefield? Black Lake Field, which a pretty good little field here.
09:55 can see the numbers here. All . Uh, over 160 million barrels
10:01 oil and 800 BCF of gas. Lakefield is mostly associated with a rudest
10:07 complex. Okay. And so you the you see the caipirinhas remember cabanas
10:14 our Edwards. Right, There's a core and then here's all this reef
10:20 . Right? These are the skeletal of rudest. These are basically grain
10:24 and Pakistan's, but then liquid pops in the middle of that debris.
10:30 yellow is, oh, it's the and reefs together. Right? There's
10:36 red flag. That tells you this not the normal northern Bahamas model.
10:41 ? It can't be because you're too inboard to make who is by tidal
10:47 . And I think I've said this currents don't make good reefs.
10:51 you need add wave agitation. Whether oceanic swells or persistent when wave agitation
10:57 make a good reef. Alright, , I mean, you see when
11:01 was published back in the early this made absolutely no sense to
11:05 why you would get this complex this inboard and have us and reefs mixed
11:10 . Okay. And then you can about the same time, people were
11:14 maps like this for Black Lake, you can see where was the reef
11:19 ? It was on this side, southeast side of the structure of the
11:23 structure. And then what did you back here preferential shedding up to the
11:29 . Right. Again. You it never made any sense based on
11:33 northern Bahamas. But now, if think about are setting, it makes
11:36 sense if the trade winds are Right, Right. We're 15° north
11:41 the equator. Strong trade winds out the east or southeast. That would
11:45 why the reef is better developed on side and not very well developed on
11:49 side. And you can see why would be preferential shutting. Right.
11:52 was the keiko's story basically. I , didn't I show you that?
11:58 showed you, I showed you first all how the trade winds could allow
12:03 To develop these isolated reef complexes up 40 km or more in from the
12:08 ocean by delivering good oceanic water up the inner part of the platform.
12:14 the screen area here was dominated by of these little pat trees and the
12:19 were doing what they were coalescing into scale structures. So you can see
12:24 scale here. I mean that that's half a kilometer across for scale and
12:29 what maybe three or 4000 years of . Give it more time. You
12:34 see how you can involve a bigger . And then what was the other
12:37 that I made the other day? that the debris Around some of these
12:42 trees, even in 25 or 30 of water is being converted to its
12:47 you've got us and reefs together. . And that's the trade wind
12:51 All right. And then I showed what happens to debris that gets shed
12:57 reefs. All right. As soon the storm breaks up a reef and
13:02 sand back this way, Well then trade winds kick in and they start
13:06 that dualistic send. Right? So and who is together? So this
13:11 to me this is the geological The trade winds were the principal
13:15 right? They're not going to break the reef. Right. That's to
13:18 be the big storms to break up reef. But once you break it
13:22 , then you have the potential to that sand around. You have the
13:26 converts some of that skeletal santa eulalia . Right. And to me that's
13:31 key observation. All right. And related to this is the second example
13:38 , which is the James limestone, is part of the pure cell formation
13:43 east texas. The field is called Field. And look where fairway field
13:49 relative to the basin margin. There's basin margin of the ancestral gulf of
13:54 . There's a scale that's about 100 in from the open ocean. And
14:01 field is much like Black Lakefield. sits on a turtle structure related to
14:05 tectonics. Right? So that's the topography. All right. And is
14:10 basically by a drowned deeper. The carbonate platform. Right. And fairway
14:20 is a HL reef complex with the lagoon. All right. So you're
14:27 see there's production around the periphery. also production from some of the
14:31 sands, but then there's this impressive sheet that goes back like this.
14:37 mean, look at the scale that's about 30, 30 miles in
14:40 . All right. And some of is productive. Right there. A
14:43 of little wells have been drilled in stuff and then look what happens when
14:47 come up to the paleo shoreline. avenue of sand body developed parallel to
14:52 paleo shoreline Yet. How is this back in 1985. All right.
14:59 you like our was a geologist and for for Arco out of Dallas.
15:04 and what did he call this scholes title bars. Right. because back
15:09 1985, that was the only way knew to make you it's nobody knew
15:13 the trade. We're just starting to in Cape Coast. Right. We're
15:16 starting. We didn't really have a feel yet for the role of trade
15:21 on sand body geometry. All Mm. But this makes no
15:26 Right. Why would you get Look at the scale, how far
15:30 you are? I mean, the is already 100 miles in from the
15:33 ocean. And then that's even another miles or more back than that.
15:38 ? So none of this made sense the northern Bahamas model. Right?
15:43 won't get, you won't get It's along a shoreline driven by tidal
15:48 unless you had an embodiment cut all way back to the shoreline.
15:52 And there's no evidence for that. ? So, what makes more sense
15:57 is the trade wind effects again? . The Southeast trade winds are going
16:01 do what they're going to allow the to thrive back here. And then
16:05 storms break up the material, the winds, just like I showed you
16:09 keiko's are gonna push the stuff from wind to down wind. And then
16:14 happens when we have paleo topography, that gets hit by those trade
16:19 Didn't I show you how you Do it stands along the shoreline parallel
16:24 that shoreline and then of course you'd them to pro grade into the
16:27 Okay, so that's to me it's orientation of the sand bodies. It
16:32 sort of the clincher for the trade influence. All right. And you
16:37 , most of the production, as expect a curse from the reef derived
16:40 stones and red. There is some is some production from the reef core
16:46 . You can see the numbers I mean, this is moderately deeply
16:52 proxy. Only 11% average ferocity. terms are not incredibly high. There's
16:58 a fracture assistant production because you don't the gusher rates and the rapid
17:03 But one of the interesting things about lot of these carbonate reservoirs is the
17:07 recovery efficiency, which is what a of companies are concerned with,
17:12 Because that's a long term economics Is , pretty high. Right? Anything
17:16 50% is considered to be pretty All right. So, a lot
17:20 these carbonate reservoirs are well over All right. So, the main
17:27 zones as you see from the ferocity here are the lower a zone and
17:35 a zone right here and then the zone here. All right. These
17:40 some of the finer grain stones that shut off of the reef. And
17:46 you can see this is a publication a guy named bob Webster who's out
17:50 Dallas and uh independently look how he subtract these sands within that reef
18:00 They take on the same orientation from to northwest as that taylor slope behind
18:06 reef. Right? So to this is the this is based on
18:10 I showed you for keiko's. This the indication that prevailing winds were mostly
18:14 of the southeast quadrant. Right. what did I show you on
18:19 I showed you the subtitle sand bodies ambergris or mid platform show line up
18:25 to the prevailing wind. And then you're up dip, an update here
18:29 be west coast. Your sands are to the shoreline but perpendicular to the
18:36 wind. Okay, everybody understand what saying. So this is just drawing
18:42 analogy from Cocos and showing how it back to the rock record.
18:48 shoot right here. Tom Bullough effect behind these two islands here.
18:53 The wind waves come around. They around and make you it's back
19:00 So, this island, this is of the whole estate islands. Just
19:03 mean, this is part of the the same show. There's the older
19:06 island right there. That was the that creates the tom below effect,
19:11 wraps around both sides. Okay, hope you appreciate what I'm saying
19:18 Is that the trade winds actually create opportunity for expiration then if you have
19:24 focus everything along the platform margin. ? That's the northern Bahamas model keiko's
19:30 opportunity, not just to the but well up onto the platform.
19:34 patch reefs like I showed you back Or these widespread. You would sand
19:38 sheets back here up in the platform 2025 ft of water. That's why
19:44 so important to pay attention to the of the, of the paleo trade
19:50 . All right. And then one example here, just to show you
19:53 sometimes local tectonics can change the story respect to the thickness of these
20:00 Because, you know, most of reefs are what people refer to as
20:04 a a pancake morphology on seismic. ? Great aerial extent. Not a
20:09 of vertical sickness. Well, the to that would be areas like Southeast
20:14 . There's Sumatra. Again, you're out of a deeper water basin up
20:18 a carbonate platform. That's been drowned . Every one of these little features
20:23 is a isolated reef complex of this type. Okay. And the red
20:29 gas productive, the greener or oil . And instead of being pancakes,
20:35 of these reef conflicts is have thicknesses 2000 ft. Because of the local
20:42 , it's a much greater subsiding Right? The substance rates are much
20:49 . So that allows you to do to build greater vertical thickness.
20:52 And so look at the seismic expression very well pronounced. And again,
20:58 lot of these features that have this of seismic expression probably are not one
21:04 . There's probably a couple of reefs have coalesced together. Okay, But
21:08 point is, the point I'm trying make is you get into a unique
21:12 setting. You could evolve greater vertical is right. These are these are
21:16 to look like what we're going to the pinnacle reef plays this afternoon,
21:22 they're not they're not in the deepwater . Okay. They're up on a
21:25 water carbonate platform. Everybody understand what saying. So that's why we're not
21:29 to call them the downslope pinnacle All right. So, so,
21:40 . Okay. All right. So the summary. Obviously. Typically their
21:47 scale buildups localized on drowned carbonate They usually have greater errol extent than
21:53 relief. But there can be Like you just saw same point about
21:58 and mineralogy of the organism. Same about reservoir quality. Historically, the
22:03 reservoirs occur along the margins. Especially on the windward sides of these
22:09 . We have good reef development potential strong graphic trapping as you saw is
22:14 good. The ceiling faces are usually later transgressive deepwater carbonaceous shales that provides
22:20 effective top seal and side seals. . Good four way closure. Get
22:25 graphic trapping and source rocks. Um there's still the offshore, based on
22:31 lime stones or shells. I know one example in Western Canada where they
22:37 some local squirting out of one of lagoon's one of the deeper lagoons.
22:42 ? It was anoxic. But these are not very big. So
22:45 not big kitchens. You're not going generate lot of hydrocarbon out of
22:50 All right. Yeah. And then the list of examples. Okay.
22:57 . Any any questions about that play ? Let me change slides here.
23:10 , let me pause the recording for minute. Yeah. So, course
23:38 off. Smart, true Singapore That's one. Sorry. Yeah.
23:57 , I'd have to go back and at a paleo geographic map. I
24:01 don't recall. All right. And may be close to being in that
24:06 around the equator too. So Yes. Yeah. Okay. Are
24:43 lecture. So this would be Still lecture 17, but this is
24:49 uh platform interior and ramp related, stone and Pakistan plays. We've got
24:54 15 minutes before lunch. So let's started into this and we'll pick it
24:58 on the other side. Um, the model here, the cartoon that
25:04 put together here, you have to differently depending on whether you apply it
25:09 a platform or whether you apply it ramp. Okay, So if you're
25:14 more of a ramp model then, would your ramp crest be? It
25:18 be not too far out in front that lagoon. Right? Like I
25:22 you for abu Dhabi last weekend. right. And so this would be
25:28 ramp crest. This would be the behind the ramp crest. Right.
25:32 protected, shallow subtitle. Usually my carbonate and then it could feed a
25:37 fact complex back here. That may may not have evaporates. Okay,
25:41 that's how you would view it if tied to ramp. All right.
25:44 , if if you look at this related to a platform margin,
25:48 Like the Bahamas, then where would platform margin be? Would probably be
25:53 out to the right. Alright. further out to the right,
25:57 50 km 100 km something of that . And that's where the high energy
26:03 . Right. And then once you away from that margin, the rest
26:05 the platform interior. This part of diagram here is low energy on a
26:11 basis. Right? And then but storms come through and feed the tidal
26:15 back here. All right. So have to sort of view this differently
26:18 on where you're at. And then else do you get the critic carbonates
26:24 the ramp model? You don't just them at the ramp crest.
26:28 But you get them when you when gradually increase water depth out in front
26:32 you get to the deep water So the front of that ramp crest
26:36 also a site where you can accumulate . Right now you see the problem
26:41 Mick, right, is what the potential is not very good.
26:45 So you have to do something that have to do something die genetically.
26:50 . And that's why historically, you , we talked about these modern environments
26:55 the shallow subtitle and title flat Historically, we never view these as
27:01 great reservoir potential. We look at title flatter we look at a platform
27:07 subtitle Mick, right? Is being top seal, right? Potentially two
27:12 offshore reservoir if you have pro gradation time. All right. So in
27:17 words, these kinds of environments end producing sediment that looks like this basically
27:23 . Right? The critic colloidal, skeletal political democratic, wacky stone
27:31 Sometimes Pakistan fabric. Okay, no . Right. Good sealing faces.
27:37 how we've always viewed this. the question is, well, how
27:41 what what controls the reservoir potential for like this? Well, you have
27:46 do something favorably die genetically. And , most people assume you've got to
27:51 this sentiment and dramatize it early before gets deeply buried before it loses all
27:56 its reservoir quality. Right? Because got to get the fluids in to
28:01 . And so most of the reservoirs with this platform interior setting are of
28:08 style here, where you see the fabric, right? With the associated
28:15 inter crystalline or could be moldy core porosity, whatever it is.
28:20 And then of course, you get fracturing on top of that enhance the
28:24 . So, so most of the studies that are in the literature for
28:30 deposition all setting are related to some of favorable and early dehumanization.
28:42 so let's get right into some of case studies and we'll start first with
28:46 salary in and Williston basin. And , this is a platform interior setting
28:56 this is an old shell shell field was discovered back in the 50s.
29:00 can see it didn't produce a whole , which is again not a typical
29:05 a lot of these kinds of, interior. Either ramp, interior or
29:10 material. Democratic settings. All So that's the bad news. All
29:15 . The good news is what do typically do here because you're in a
29:19 subtitle or title flat setting, Minor and sea level do what they produce
29:25 stacked cycles. Right. And if can dramatized parts of each of those
29:33 and create reservoir quality, you end with multiple stacked reservoir units. That's
29:38 good news. Okay. And so what's happened for cabin creek.
29:42 The green would represent the dramatized intervals reservoir equality. The areas that are
29:50 green represent either type. Uh, critic red bed fabrics or evaporates right
29:57 provide the top seal. And of everybody assumed that the decolonization was related
30:04 re flexing from those evaporates. All . So the good news is multiple
30:10 reservoir units. The bad news is relatively thin. Right? And what's
30:16 other risk? How extensive a really . Well, that's going to be
30:22 on what It's going to depend on things. First of all the
30:26 How big was the backstop to put title flat up against And then how
30:30 did that title? Flat pro grade each cycle of sedimentation. Okay.
30:37 mean you saw that they can program quickly write a meter per year like
30:41 Dhabi. So you know, there's there to expand that reservoir. But
30:47 small reserves are small, cumulative production suggests that they probably weren't that
30:52 Right. Anyway, that's the Okay. Multiple stack reservoir intervals.
30:58 risk is again, the thickness and the extent of the the ferocity.
31:07 then what would be the last risk this play type? Where's your source
31:14 ? Right. Here's the platform the basins out here. You're back
31:19 , way back in the energy part that platform. The kitchen is out
31:24 . So you see there might be long distance migration pathway issue. So
31:29 something you have to factor in in risk analysis. Okay. Right.
31:54 , what? That's a good Um, I don't, I don't
31:57 the details of this field. Of , all of this is drilled with
32:02 wells. And I I think you have to assume that, I don't
32:09 . I mean you'd have to, have to maybe go back and see
32:12 there's some bypassed oil that could be with horizontal drilling. I'm just
32:18 I've not seen anybody do that. know, come back to these old
32:21 like this and and come back with drilling. So, yeah,
32:38 Right. I I just can't answer question right now. So,
32:50 but it's a good point. All . And then another example here is
32:55 little and I feel this is Mississippian instead of uh, salary in it's
33:00 same deposition all setting here. You've these stacks cycles. Again, they
33:05 from subtitle to super title flats with , right? You see the ferocity
33:11 , mostly secondary process. You'd expect see the reserves a little bit
33:16 Um, and the hips are a bit better. A little knife field
33:21 on a big anti client structure called neatness and anne klein, but environmentally
33:27 still in the platform interior setting. right. And You can see the
33:33 model here that was published back in 80s. Ah, you can see
33:38 , the zones here basically reflect the of cyclists who have been talking
33:43 And then you can see the interpreted here. And, and I put
33:48 in here. The this model is with the ramp model because it is
33:54 and the ramp model, the ramp would be right here creating protection for
34:00 lagoon behind it. Right? But they put another margin out here,
34:05 makes no sense with respect to ramp . Now, you could have a
34:08 model, right? You could have situation where it ramps like this and
34:13 it deepens dramatically. And so maybe what they're trying to imply, but
34:18 wasn't clear in the in the in discussion what they were talking about.
34:23 right. But this is not strictly , just the ramp model. They
34:28 be when you have topography here. have topography out here. All
34:34 But the rock looks like this. can see the darker colors reflection of
34:38 the in the lack of stratification. , telling you this is borrowed my
34:43 sediment to begin with. These are skeletal political Pakistan's and Dulles Pakistan's and
34:49 Pakistan's with uh pretty good ferocity and moderate permeability. Alright, yeah.
34:57 example in the Permian just coming up strata graphic section here. A little
35:02 . You can see this is related deposition again on the central basin platform
35:07 we've been talking about. All Uh, there's a channel that we
35:13 about that separates the north west shelf the central basin platform. And there
35:18 a number of producing fields in here have uh, have a ramp related
35:25 with culminating in tidal flats. All . Not all the tidal flats produce
35:30 some of the porosity gets plugged with hydrate, but here's an example where
35:34 was production from the ramp interior from part of the profile, right?
35:41 ramp. This is basically the ramp right here and that's a restricted lagoon
35:47 the title flat back here. this is the stuff that gets stolen
35:52 . And you can see again the probation and the secondary porosity. Sometimes
35:57 finer inter christian ferocity. Sometimes it's for the reasons we talked about
36:02 where the matrix is to limit Then you leach out the larger skeletal
36:07 . Okay, so that's a that's Robertson and then again, you see
36:15 repetitive stacking issue. Right? the slashed pattern here is title
36:21 So there's title flat. So that's start of a new cycle. Subtitle
36:25 title flat. Subtitle the titles that over and over again. All
36:30 And You can, you can sort see the scale here. That's 30
36:36 , right? So, these cycles actually a little bit thicker than you
36:40 expect for for platform interior setting, , uh, but the key point
36:45 that they're repetitive and so that's what expect to develop on a ramp
36:50 uh, profile. All right. right. Um, thank you.
37:03 , Why don't we break it Okay. And we'll come back.
37:10 have up to an hour for So, we'll see you back at
37:13 o'clock and let me pause the Okay. Okay, I'll see you
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